摘要
随着石油资源需求的增加和油藏开发难度的加大,进一步提高油藏采收率(EOR)的需求日益迫切。纳米颗粒(NPs)因尺寸小、比表面积大、环境兼容性强等独特优势,在三次采油中得到了广泛关注,但其深层微观驱油机理仍有待进一步研究。分子动力学(Molecular Dynamics,MD)作为从微观层面模拟的先进手段,已成为油藏开发研究的重要工具。系统阐述了MD模拟中平衡及非平衡分子动力学、力场、系综理论、边界条件等概念,并探讨了常用的NPs,如TiO_(2)纳米颗粒、SiO_(2)纳米颗粒、碳纳米管(CNT)等在提高油藏采收率中的应用;分析了纳米颗粒驱油的微观机理,包括降低油水界面张力(IFT)、降低原油黏度、改善油水流度比、改变润湿性,以及辅助驱油机理,如提高泡沫稳定性、改善聚合物溶液流变性;对基于MD模拟的纳米颗粒驱油的未来发展进行了展望,包括通过MD模拟设计更简便、环保的NPs制备及改性方案,通过MD模拟与室内实验相结合研究纳米颗粒对驱油效率的影响,结合量子力学(QM)提高研究准确性。
With the growing demand for petroleum resources and the increasing difficulty of reservoir development,the need for enhanced oil recovery(EOR)has become more urgent.Thanks to their unique advantages,such as small size,large specific surface area,and strong environmental compatibility,nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted extensive attention in tertiary oil displacement,yet their deep-seated microscopic mechanisms of oil displacement still require further investigation.Molecular dynamics(MD),an advanced microscopic simulation technique,has become an important tool in reservoir-development research.This paper systematically reviewed key concepts in MD simulations,including equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics,force fields,ensemble theory,and boundary conditions,and it discussed the application of commonly used NPs such as TiO_(2),SiO_(2),and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)in improving oil recovery.Microscopic mechanisms of NPs-assisted oil displacement were analyzed,including reduction of oil and water interfacial tension(IFT),decrease of crude oil viscosity,improvement of the oil and water mobility ratio,and wettability alteration,as well as auxiliary mechanisms such as enhanced foam stability and improved polymer solution rheology.Future directions for MD-based NPs-assisted oil displacement research were outlined:designing simpler and greener NP synthesis/modification schemes via MD,combining MD simulations with laboratory experiments to study the effect of NPs on displacement efficiency,and integrating quantum mechanics(QM)to increase simulation accuracy.
作者
刘峰
杨凯
王昊
王玥
张少妮
王俊奇
刘江斌
申家伟
LIU Feng;YANG Kai;WANG Hao;WANG Yue;ZHANG Shaoni;WANG Junqi;LIU Jiangbin;SHEN Jiawei(The Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid&Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province,Xi′an Shiyou University,Xi′an,Shaanxi,710065,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,Xi′an Shiyou University,Xi′an,Shaanxi,710065,China;No.5 Oil Production Plant,PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company,Dunhuang,Gansu,736200,China;No.8 Oil Production Plant,Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC,Qingyang,Gansu,745400,China;No.12 Oil Production Plant,Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC,Qingyang,Gansu,745400,China;School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering,Yan'an University,Yan'an,Shaanxi,716000,China)
出处
《油气地质与采收率》
北大核心
2026年第1期126-143,共18页
Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“基于分子模拟的页岩气吸附微观机理研究”(51804253)
陕西省科技计划项目“致密砂岩油藏碳酸离子水驱调控提高渗吸驱油机理及预测模型研究”(2024JC-YBMS-431)
陕西省油气井及储层渗流与岩石力学重点实验室项目“致密砂岩油藏体积压裂多尺度渗吸规律研究”(WSFRM202105502002)。
关键词
纳米颗粒
分子动力学
微观机理
纳米颗粒辅助驱油
提高采收率
nanoparticle
molecular dynamics
microscopic mechanism
nanoparticle-assisted oil displacement
enhanced oil recovery
