摘要
为了揭示云南省锈菌多样性,鉴定了采自云南省的280余份锈菌标本,并对已发表的云南省锈菌进行了汇总。结果显示,云南省锈菌种类已达405种,隶属20科42属,其中番石榴澳柄锈菌Austropuccinia psidii(G. Winter) Beenken.为云南省新记录种。云南省锈菌区系的优势科为柄锈菌科Pucciniaceae,占总数的54.0%,其次为鞘锈菌科Coleosporiaceae,占比8.6%。从植物类型来看,草本植物上的锈菌有15属242种,其中柄锈菌属Puccinia有152种;灌木上的锈菌共有19属78种,以寄生于蔷薇属、悬钩子属上的多胞锈菌属Phragmidium的种数最多,共16种;乔木上的锈菌共23属62种,主要以寄生于杨属、柳属、落叶松属和大戟属植物上的栅锈菌属Melampsora为主。系统梳理了云南省锈菌的种类多样性,发现该地区可能潜藏着大量尚未被发现的热带锈菌物种,且可能存在尚未在中国记录的伞锈菌属。研究结果为锈菌的分类学研究及锈病的精准防控提供了科学依据,对于保护云南丰富的植物资源以及维护该地区森林生态系统的稳定性具有重要的意义。
Located in the southwesten China,Yunnan Province is a well-known place for its rich biodiversity including the rust fungi,as obligate biotrophic parasites,owing to its distinctive geographical environment and climatic conditions.In this study,over 280 specimens of rust fungi collected from Yunnan area were identified.Combining with the results reported before,it is now known that at least 405 species of the rust fungi existed in the Yunnan Province,which could be divided into 20 families and 42 genera.Among the above fungi,Austropuccinia psidii(G.Winter)Beenken,a rust fungus that parasitizes guava,is a new record of species reported so far from Yunnan Province.The dominant family is Pucciniaceae occupying 54.0%of the total number of families,followed by Coleosporiaceae accounting for 8.6%.Rust fungi parasitizing the living host of herbaceous plants revealed the highest diversity,with 15 genera and 242 species,including 152 species from the genus Puccinia.Rust fungi collected from the shrubs contained 19 genera and 78 species,meanwhile,in which the genus Phragmidium parasitizing the flowering plants of genera Rosa and Rubus showed the largest number of species(16 species in total).Rust fungi detected from the trees were divided into 23 genera and 62 species,on the other hand,in which Melampsora was known as the main genera parasitizing Populus,Salix and Euphorbia.Our study systematically demonstrates the richness of species diversity of rust fungi in Yunnan Province that indicates,on the other hand,the existence of a large number of undiscovered tropical rust species potentially still hiding within this area,including those records of the genus Ravenelia not yet documented in China.The above findings provide a scientific basis not only for the taxonomic study of rust fungi but also for the precise prevention and control of rust diseases.Most importantly,these finding should hold great implications usefully for the future protection of the rich plant resources as well as the maintenance of the stability of forest ecosystems in Yunnan Province.
作者
刘一帆
孙畅
李曙吉
梁英梅
LIU Yifan;SUN Chang;LI Shuji;LIANG Yingmei(The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Singleron Biotech Co.,Nanjing 211899,China;Museum of Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《菌物研究》
2025年第6期449-457,共9页
Journal of Fungal Research
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371885,31470646)。
关键词
锈菌
区系
真菌多样性
云南省
rust fungi
flora
fungal diversity
Yunnan Province
