摘要
外墙外保温系统(ETICS)在我国新建与既有建筑改造中大规模应用,但其在长期服役过程中因多环境因子耦合作用会出现脱落、开裂等问题,严重影响节能效果与安全。系统梳理ETICS劣化机理与耐久性评估的研究进展,从材料-界面-系统多尺度分析环境因素的影响机制,总结实验室加速老化、现场无损检测、数值模拟等方法的局限性,探讨基于风险的综合评估模型与机器学习技术的融合路径,并提出“环境因子-材料劣化-系统失效”三维耦合理论框架。研究表明,多因子耦合作用呈现显著非线性特征,传统评估方法无法准确预测系统性能退化;机器学习与数字孪生技术为智能评估与预警提供了新途径,可以实现从“被动评估”向“主动预警”的跨越。
The exterior wall external insulation system(ETICS)has been widely applied in new construction and existing building renovation projects in China.However,during its long-term service,it may experience problems such as detachment and cracking due to the combined effects of multiple environmental factors,which seriously affect the energysaving effect and safety.The paper systematically reviews the research progress on the degradation mechanism and durability assessment of ETICS,analyzes the influence mechanism of environmental factors at the material-interfacialsystem multi-scale level,summarizes the limitations of methods such as laboratory accelerated aging,on-site nondestructive testing,and numerical simulation,explores the integration path of risk-based comprehensive assessment models and machine learning technologies,and proposes a three-dimensional coupling theoretical framework of'environmental factors-material degradation-system failure'.The research shows that the combined effects of multiple factors exhibit significant nonlinear characteristics,and traditional assessment methods cannot accurately predict the degradation of system performance.Machine learning and digital twin technologies provide new approaches for intelligent assessment and early warning,enabling a transition from'passive assessment'to'active early warning'.
作者
刘长顺
邢朝阳
张笑天
LIU Changshun;XING Chaoyang;ZHANG Xiaotian
出处
《节能》
2026年第1期156-160,共5页
Energy Conservation
关键词
外墙外保温系统
多因子耦合
数字孪生
非线性劣化
耐久性评估
exterior wall external insulation system
multifactor coupling
digital twin
nonlinear degradation
durability assessment
