摘要
政策类型的地方差异性一直是政策研究的重要议题。论文将地方治理情境中的初始政策作为核心变量,聚焦于政府购买居家养老服务领域,解释为何不同城市在同一领域呈现不同的政策类型。在资源有限的情况下,地方政府为实现养老服务公平与效率的平衡,采取特定的治理策略,并根据治理任务调整政策类型,这构成了政策选择和调整的约束原则和动力机制。论文将政府购买居家养老服务分为三种类型:以社会组织为承接主体的社会型、以企业为承接主体的企业型,以及两者占比相当的混合型,并选取上海、重庆和广州三个城市分别代表这三种类型。研究发现,自21世纪以来,三地政府购买服务的初始实践和政策奠定了后续演变的基础,强化了地方特色和发展轨迹,最终形成差异化的养老服务类型。在政策启示方面,论文强调在养老及更广泛的公共服务供给中,应因地制宜地采用不同类型政策,并通过政策调节实现公平与效率的动态平衡。
Local variations in policy types have long been a significant topic in policy research.This study takes the initial policy context of local governance as the core analytical variable,focusing on the domain of government procurement of home-based elderly care services.It seeks to explain why different cities adopt divergent policy types within the same field.Under conditions of limited resources,local governments implement distinct governance models to balance equity and efficiency in elderly care services,adjusting policy types in accordance with governance tasks.This process reflects both the constraints and driving mechanisms behind policy selection and adjustment.The study categorizes the government procurement of home-based elderly care services into three types:a social-oriented model led primarily by social organizations,a market-oriented model dominated by enterprises,and a hybrid model featuring a relatively equal mix of both.Shanghai,Chongqing,and Guangzhou are selected as representative cases for each of these three types.The findings indicate that,since the early 2000s,the initial practices and policy approaches to service procurement in these cities have laid the groundwork for their subsequent development.These early trajectories have reinforced local characteristics and shaped differentiated paths in elderly care service provision.In terms of policy implications,the paper underscores the importance of adopting context-specific models for the delivery of elderly care—and public services more broadly—while advocating for dynamic policy adjustments to achieve a sustainable balance between equity and efficiency.
作者
管兵
林笑
Bing Guan;Xiao Lin
出处
《公共行政评论》
北大核心
2026年第1期141-159,199,共20页
Journal of Public Administration
基金
2020年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代城乡社区治理体系建设研究”(20JZD029)。
关键词
居家养老
政府购买服务
初始政策
治理情境
Home-based Care
Government Purchase of Services
Initial Policy
Governance Context
