摘要
在当前我国消防站数量不足的背景下,提升消防救援的覆盖效能已成为我国公共安全领域的重要需求。然而,如何高效测算消防救援覆盖效能仍是学术界及行业领域面临的难题。使用POI数据表征消防救援需求点,以消防站作为消防救援供应点;通过调用网络地图上开放的实时路况数据来仿真计算消防救援响应时间,然后构建出基于分层次覆盖率加权的消防救援覆盖效能测算模型。通过应用该模型,结合邵阳市建设消防站的需求,收集了30 968个消防救援需求点,并以20个现有消防站和13个拟建消防站作为消防救援供应点,设置了25个评估场景,共获得了1 297 025条有效样本。测算结果显示:拟建消防站投入使用后覆盖效能将提升20.47%,达到40.77分,具体情况如下:≤240 s的覆盖率提升1.80%,达到9.09%;240~840 s内覆盖率提升3.70%,达到27.51%;>1 440 s的覆盖率减少9.11%至47.24%。邵阳市还需进一步加强消防站的建设。构建的模型可为消防站规划建设提供辅助支撑,还可应用于其他城市的消防救援覆盖效能测算。
Against the backdrop of insufficient number of fire stations in China,improving the coverage efficiency of fire rescue has become an important demand in the field of public safety.However,how to efficiently measure the effectiveness of fire rescue coverage remains a challenge faced by academia and industry.Using POI data to represent fire rescue demand points,with fire stations as fire rescue supply points;By calling on real-time traffic data available on the network map to simulate and calculate fire rescue response time,a fire rescue coverage efficiency calculation model based on hierarchical coverage weighting is constructed.By applying this model and considering the demand for building fire stations in Shaoyang City,30968 fire rescue demand points were collected,and 20 existing fire stations and 13 proposed fire stations were used as fire rescue supply points.25 evaluation scenarios were set up,and a total of 1297025 valid samples were obtained.The calculation results show that after the proposed fire station is put into use,the coverage efficiency will increase by 20.47%,reaching 40.77 points.The specific situation is as follows:the coverage rate of less than 240 seconds will increase by 1.80%,reaching 9.09%;Within 240 s to 840 s,the coverage rate increased by 3.70%,reaching 27.51%;The coverage rate of more than 1440 seconds decreased by 9.11%to 47.24%.Shaoyang City still needs to further strengthen the construction of fire stations.The constructed model can provide auxiliary support for the planning and construction of fire stations,and can also be applied to the calculation of fire rescue coverage efficiency in other cities.
作者
吴非
罗杰
黄赞辉
刘顶立
Wu Fei;Luo Jie;Huang Zanhui;Liu Dingli(Shaoyang Fire and Rescue Division,Shaoyang Hunan 422000,China;Yongzhou Fire and Rescue Division,Yongzhou Hunan 425002,China;School of Transportation,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha Hunan 410114,China)
出处
《消防科学与技术》
北大核心
2026年第2期106-112,121,共8页
Fire Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204202)。
关键词
覆盖效能
测算模型
开放数据
分层次覆盖率
消防救援
coverage efficiency
calculation model
open data
hierarchical coverage rate
fire and rescue
