摘要
本研究旨在探究大气CO_(2)浓度和温度升高对不同施氮量水稻叶绿素荧光特性的影响。利用开顶式气室(OTC)组成的CO_(2)浓度和温度升高自动调控平台,以粳稻南粳9108为试验材料,主处理为:背景CO_(2)浓度和温度(CK)、CO_(2)浓度增加200μmol·mol^(-1)(C^(+))、气温升高2℃(T^(+))、CO_(2)浓度升高200μmol·mol^(-1)和气温升高2℃(C^(+)T^(+))。副处理为氮肥水平:0(N_(0))、150(N_(15))、180(N_(18))、210kg·hm^(-2)(N21)。采用连续激发式叶绿素荧光仪测定水稻叶片的叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:在N_(0)条件下,与CK相比,C^(+)使抽穗-灌浆期的水稻叶片的可变荧光(Fv)下降13.8%,T^(+)使拔节-孕穗期的Fv下降11.2%,C^(+)T^(+)使拔节-孕穗期的Fv和潜在活性(Fv/Fo)分别下降18.4%和47.5%。在N_(15)条件下,T^(+)使抽穗-灌浆期的初始荧光(Fo)上升25.0%;在N_(18)条件下,C^(+)使拔节-孕穗期的最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))上升8.5%。在N21条件下,C^(+)T^(+)使拔节-孕穗期水稻叶片的F_(v)/F_(m)下降5.7%。此外,施氮处理对水稻SPAD值有显著影响,随着施氮量的增加,水稻的SPAD值显著提高,在N21条件下较N_(0)增加了20.5%,表明施氮有助于提高水稻叶片的叶绿素含量,从而增强光合作用潜力。研究表明,CO_(2)浓度和温度升高会损伤水稻叶片的光系统Ⅱ,抑制其电子传递和光化学效率,而施氮可以有效缓解这种负面影响,因此在未来气候变化背景下,可通过优化氮肥施用,进一步调控水稻光合效率。
This study aims to explore the effects of elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and temperature on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of rice under varying nitrogen application levels.An automatic CO_(2) concentration and temperature control platform composed of open-top chambers(OTC)was used,with japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 as the experimental material.The main treatments included:background CO_(2) concentration and temperature(CK),elevated CO_(2) concentration by 200μmol·mol^(-1)(C^(+)),elevated temperature by 2℃(T^(+)),and both CO_(2) concentration elevated by 200μmol·mol^(-1) and temperature elevated by 2℃(C^(+)T^(+)).Sub-treatments involved nitrogen fertilizer levels:0(N_(0)),150(N_(15)),180 kg·hm^(-2)(N18),and 210 kg·hm^(-2)(N21).A continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorometer was used to measure the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of rice leaves.The results showed that under N_(0) conditions,compared to CK,C^(+)led to a 13.8%decrease in variable fluorescence(Fv)during the heading-grain filling stage,T^(+)caused an 11.2%decrease in Fv during the elongation-booting stage,and C^(+)T^(+)resulted in a 18.4%decrease in Fv and a 47.5%decrease in potential activity(Fv/Fo)during the elongation-booting stage.Under N_(15) conditions,T^(+)increased Fo by 25.0%during the heading-grain filling stage.Under N18 conditions,C^(+)led to an 8.5%increase in maximal photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))during the elongation-booting stage.Under N21 conditions,C^(+)T^(+)caused a 5.7%decrease in F_(v)/F_(m) during the elongation-booting stage.Additionally,nitrogen application had a significant effect on the SPAD values of rice,with SPAD values increasing significantly as nitrogen application increased.Under N21 conditions,the SPAD value increased by 20.5%compared to N_(0),indicating that nitrogen application helps improve chlorophyll content in rice leaves,thereby enhancing photosynthetic potential.In summary,elevated CO_(2) concentration and temperature damage the rice leaves photosystemⅡ,inhibiting electron transport and photochemical efficiency.However,nitrogen application can effectively mitigate these negative effects.Therefore,in the context of future climate change,it is essential to optimize nitrogen fertilizer use to further regulate rice photosynthetic efficiency.
作者
赵婧
曹琰梅
柯浩楠
何昊
刘淼
吴荣军
李琪
胡正华
ZHAO Jing;CAO Yanmei;KE Haonan;HE Hao;LIU Miao;WU Rongjun;LI Qi;HU Zhenghua(Jiangsu Provincial University Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology,School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Changsha Agricultural Meteorological Experiment Station,Changsha 410114,China;Technical Equipment Center,Hunan Meteorological Bureau,Changsha 410021,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期33-49,共17页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42375114,42275129)
江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX24_1451)
江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410300203Y)。
关键词
水稻
CO_(2)浓度
温度升高
氮肥
叶绿素荧光
rice
CO_(2)concentration
elevated temperature
nitrogen fertilizer
chlorophyll fluorescence
