摘要
为应对设施草莓土传病害频发问题,本研究通过田间小区试验研究土壤消毒和草莓定植前联合施用微生物菌剂对草莓枯萎病发病率、土壤中镰刀菌属真菌相对丰度、草莓生长、土壤基本理化性质及土壤中相关酶活性的影响。土壤消毒设置有机物料闷棚处理(S1)和有机物料+闷棚菌剂闷棚处理(S2),定植前设置施用紫牛有机肥处理(F1)、可施可力菌肥处理(F2)、三炬菌剂处理(F3)。结果表明,与传统土壤消毒(S1F1)处理相比,S2F3处理能显著降低草莓枯萎病的发病率(P<0.05),土壤中镰刀菌属真菌相对丰度下降幅度最大;S2F3处理草莓株高和头茬果产量显著增加(P<0.05);此外,S2F3处理还能显著改变土壤中酶活性,提高土壤有效磷含量,其中过氧化氢酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,土壤消毒与定植前联合施用微生物菌剂可有效抑制草莓土传病害发生,促进草莓生长,提高早期产量,改善土壤性质。
To address the frequent occurrence of soil-borne diseases in facility-grown strawberries,this study conducted field plot experiments to investigate the effects of combined application of soil disinfection and pre-plant microbial agents on the incidence of strawberry wilt,the relative abundance of Fusarium fungi in the soil,strawberry growth,basic soil physicochemical properties,and the activity of relevant soil enzymes.Soil disinfection treatments included organic material combined with shed-closing treatment(S1)and organic material combined with shed-closing microbial agent treatment(S2).Pre-planting treatments included the application of Ziniu organic fertilizer(F1),Keshi Keli microbial fertilizer(F2),and Sanju microbial agent(F3).The results showed that,compared with the traditional soil disinfection treatment(S1F1),the S2F3 treatment significantly reduced the incidence of strawberry wilt(P<0.05)and resulted in the greatest decrease in the relative abundance of Fusarium fungi in the soil.The S2F3 treatment also significantly increased strawberry plant height and first-crop fruit yield(P<0.05).Furthermore,the S2F3 treatment significantly altered soil enzyme activities and increased soil available phosphorus content.Specifically,catalase activity significantly decreased(P<0.05),while urease and sucrase activities significantly increased(P<0.05).In summary,the combined application of soil disinfection and pre-plant microbial agents effectively suppresses the occurrence of soil-borne diseases in strawberries,promotes strawberry growth,increases early yield,and improves soil properties.
作者
黄洁雪
吉沐祥
吴娥娇
耿中元
乔玉山
邬劼
笪小华
王晓琳
HUANG Jiexue;JI Muxiang;WU Ejiao;GENG Zhongyuan;QIAO Yushan;WU Jie;DA Xiaohua;WANG Xiaolin(Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province,Zhenjiang 212400,China;Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Jurong Yaqing Fruit Industry Co.,Ltd.,Zhenjiang 212403,China)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期172-179,共8页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(24)1025]
镇江市碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项基金项目(CN2023004)。
关键词
草莓
土壤消毒
微生物菌剂
枯萎病
strawberry
soil disinfection
microbial agent
wilt disease
