摘要
辽金元明清时期,北京成为多个民族政权的都城,契丹、女真、蒙古、满族等少数民族政权均不同程度地接纳了春节礼俗,在融合本民族习俗与汉族传统的过程中,春节成为维系政权合法性与文化认同的重要载体,其礼俗随时代演进不断丰富,形成独具特色的节日传统。近代以来,北京春节在历法改革、公共空间拓展与习俗革新中实现现代调适,展现出传统与现代的碰撞与融合。1949年以来,在国家文化政策引导下,通过法定假期保障、非遗保护传承、庙会复兴创新等举措,北京春节实现了制度化保障与创新性发展。特别是近年来出现的“博物馆里过大年”、线上拜年、影院观影等新兴习俗,展现了传统节日在保持文化基因的同时,积极融入现代生活的适应能力。北京春节的持久生命力源于官方与民间的持续互动与共同建构,其演变路径不仅折射出中国社会文化的深层变迁,也为传统节日在现代化进程中的创造性转化与创新性发展提供了具有普遍启示意义的北京经验。
As the capital of successive muti-ethnic regimes from the Liao to the Qing dynasties,Beijing witnessed the integration of the Spring Festival customs—adopted by Khitan,Jurchen,Mongol,and Manchu regimes—with ethnic traditions.This fusion transformed the Spring Festival into a crucial carrier for upholding political legitimacy and cultural identity,gradually shaping a distinctive festive heritage.Since modern times,the festival underwent modern adjustments amid calendar reforms,expansion of public space,and custom innovations,reflecting the interplay between tradition and modernity.Since 1949,guided by national cultural policies,institutional safeguards such as statutory holidays,intangible cultural heritage protection and innovative practices like revitalized temple fairs,have driven its sustainable development.Recent emerging customs,such as“celebrating the New Year in museums”,online greetings,and cinema visits,demonstrate its the festival’s ability to adapt to modern life while preserving cultural essence.The Spring Festival’s vitality lies in official-civilian co-construction.Its evolution not only mirrors China’s social and cultural transformations but also offers the“Beijing Experience”for the innovative development of traditional festivals in modernization.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2026年第1期61-69,共9页
The Central Plains Culture Research
基金
国家社会科学基金艺术学重点项目“地方艺术节庆活动的价值与功能研究”(2025AH05655)。
关键词
北京春节
历史传承
当代变迁
文化认同
公共空间
the Spring Festival in Beijing
inheritance
contemporary evolution
cultural identity
public space
