摘要
人与文化的关系,可以用“文化是人的工具”来概括。从本质上说,文化是人类创造力的果实。从文化的起因看,人之所以要创造丰富多彩的文化之物,就是为了满足自己的需求。人的需求多种多样,因而文化之物也多种多样。既然文化的诞生源于人类为满足自身需求的创造性活动,那么满足人的需求就成为文化的基本功能。由于人要满足自己的某种需求,就会将其作为自己开展活动的目的,而如何实现这个目的也会作为一个问题提出来,所以文化既是人实现目的的工具,也是解决问题的工具。与之相左的理论观点如文化自为论和文化本位论存在理论缺陷,二者颠倒了人与文化的真实关系,不同程度地遮蔽了人的主体性,在实践中可能导向文化保守主义,因而是错误且有害的。
The relationship between humans and culture can be summarized as“culture is a human tool”.In essence,culture is the fruit of human creativity.From its origin,humans created diverse cultural artifacts to satisfy their own needs.Since human needs are varied,cultural artifacts are correspondingly diverse.Given that the emergence of culture stems from creative activities undertaken by humans to meet their own needs,satisfying human needs thus becomes the fundamental function of culture.As humans seek to satisfy a particular need,they set it as the goal of their activities,and the method becomes the problem.Therefore,culture also functions as a tool for achieving human objectives and solving problems.Conflicting theoretical viewpoints,such as the theory of culture as an autonomous entity or cultural centralism,have some flaws.They invert the true relationship between humans and culture,obscure human subjectivity to varying degrees,and may lead to cultural conservatism in practice.Thus,they are erroneous and harmful.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2026年第1期54-60,共7页
The Central Plains Culture Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大专项“推进文明乡风建设的时代使命和实施路径研究”(24ZDA073)。
关键词
文化
工具
文化起因
文化功能
文化自为论
文化本位论
culture
tool
origin of culture
function of culture
culture self-determination theory
culture centrism
