摘要
目的基于“知识-态度-行为”(KAP)理论模型,对盐城地区居民用药安全行为风险展开系统性调查,旨在揭示其风险形成机制并提出针对性干预策略。方法通过多阶段分层抽样法,于2024年8月1日-10月31日收集728份有效问卷,采用SPSS 29.0软件进行统计学分析。结果盐城居民用药安全风险总体处于良好水平[知识得分(75.73±12.26)分,态度得分(67.66±12.29)分,行为得分(32.79±10.16)分],但存在显著人口学差异。农村居民[知识得分(77.79±10.90)分,行为得分(34.98±10.34)分]及65岁以上人群[知识得分(78.27±11.48)分,态度得分(69.75±12.17)分]风险等级最高;文化程度较低者[初中及以下行为得分(36.13±10.42)分]及自由职业者[知识得分(77.80±12.57)分]风险更突出。KAP维度间呈中度正相关(知识-态度:r=0.424,P<0.05;知识-行为:r=0.440,P<0.05;态度-行为:r=0.572,P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄增长、农村居住、低学历及自由职业是用药安全行为的关键预测因子。结论盐城地区居民用药安全风险呈现“知识储备不足-态度偏差-行为失范”的级联效应,农村、高龄及低学历群体为高危人群。系统性药学科普需结合区域特征,针对风险分级制定差异化干预策略,并依托微信等新媒体平台提供精准化用药咨询服务,以降低不合理用药导致的健康危害。
Objective This study systematically investigates medication safety behavior risks among residents in the Yancheng region based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)theoretical model,aiming to reveal risk formation mechanisms and propose targeted intervention strategies.Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was employed to collect 728 valid questionnaires from August 1 to October 31,2024.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 29.0.Results The overall medication safety risk among Yancheng residents is at a favorable level(knowledge score:75.73±12.26,attitude score:67.66±12.29,practice score:32.79±10.16),but significant demographic disparities were observed.Rural residents(knowledge score:77.79±10.90,practice score:34.98±10.34)and individuals aged 65 or older(knowledge score:78.27±11.48,attitude score:69.75±12.17)exhibited the highest risk levels.Lower educational attainment(practice score:36.13±10.42 for junior high school or below)and freelancers(knowledge score:77.80±12.57)showed more pronounced risks.Moderate positive correlations were found between KAP dimensions(knowledge-attitude:r=0.424,P<0.05;knowledge-practice:r=0.440,P<0.05;attitude-practice:r=0.572,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis identified age increase,rural residence,low education level,and freelancing as key predictors of medication safety behavioral risks.Conclusion Medication safety risks in Yancheng exhibit a cascade effect of"insufficient knowledge-attitudinal bias-behavioral misconduct,"with rural,elderly,and low-educational-attainment populations as high-risk groups.Systematic pharmaceutical education should integrate regional characteristics,adopt differentiated intervention strategies based on risk stratification,and leverage new media platforms like WeChat to provide precision medication counseling,thereby mitigating health hazards caused by irrational drug use.
作者
施怀婷
史悦
SHI Huaiting;SHI Yue(Department of Pharmacy,The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University,Yancheng Third People’s Hospital,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224000,China)
出处
《中国处方药》
2026年第2期79-83,共5页
Journal of China Prescription Drug
基金
中国药学会2025年度科普研究重点项目(CMEI2024KPYJ001110)。
