摘要
本试验旨在研究党参多糖(CPP)对牦牛犊牛生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响。采用单因子随机试验设计,选取6月龄左右、平均体重为(72.61±1.35)kg、健康状况良好的牦牛公犊27头,随机分为3组:对照组(CN组,仅饲喂基础饲粮)、低剂量组(DSL组,在基础饲粮中添加5 g/d的CPP)和高剂量组(DSH组,在基础饲粮中添加10 g/d的CPP),每组9个重复,每个重复1头牛,单栏饲养。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)DSH组平均日增重(ADG)极显著高于CN组(P<0.01),终末体重(FBW)和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著高于CN组(P<0.05),且ADFI显著高于DSL组(P<0.05)。2)DSH组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率显著高于CN组和DSL组(P<0.05)。3)DSH组总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度极显著高于CN组和DSL组(P<0.01),乙酸(AA)浓度显著高于CN组和DSL组(P<0.05)。4)DSH组Shannon指数、ACE指数和Chao1指数极显著高于CN组(P<0.01),DSL组ACE指数和Chao1指数极显著高于CN组(P<0.01),DSH组ACE指数极显著高于DSL组(P<0.01);瘤胃微生物属水平上,DSH组瘤胃球菌属的相对丰度极显著高于CN组(P<0.01),候选糖单胞菌属的相对丰度显著高于CN组(P<0.05);功能预测分析结果显示,脂质代谢及折叠、分类和降解通路在DSH组极显著富集(P<0.01),辅酶和维生素代谢及萜类和聚酮类代谢通路在DSH组显著富集(P<0.05)。5)相关性分析发现,ADG、ADFI和TVFA、AA的浓度与瘤胃球菌属相对丰度、辅酶和维生素代谢通路呈显著正相关(P<0.05);ADFI和TVFA、AA的浓度与折叠、分类和降解通路呈显著正相关(P<0.05);料重比(F/G)与其他氨基酸的代谢通路呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加CPP能够提高牦牛犊牛的生长性能、NDF消化率、TVFA、AA的浓度,改善瘤胃微生物区系结构。
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides(CPP)on growth performance,nutrient digestion,rumen fermentation and microbiota in yak calves.A one-way randomized experimental design was used to select 27 yak male calves around 6 months of age,with an average weight of(72.61±1.35)kg and in good health condition,and randomly divided into three groups:control group(CN group,fed only the basal diet),low-dose group(DSL group,with 5 g/d of CPP added to the basal diet),and high-dose group(DSH group,with 10 g/d of CPP added to the basal diet).Nine replicates of 1 cow per group were housed in a single pen.The pre-test period was 10 d,and the positive test period was 60 d.Results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain(ADG)of the DSH group was extremely significantly higher than that of the CN group(P<0.01),the final body weight(FBW)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)were significantly higher than that of the CN group(P<0.05),and the ADFI was significantly higher than that of the DSL group(P<0.05).2)The neutral detergent fiber(NDF)digestibility of the DSH group was significantly higher than that of the CN group and DSL group(P<0.05).3)The total volatile fatty acid(TVFA)concentration of the DSH group was extremely significantly higher than that of the CN group and DSL group(P<0.01),and the acetic acid(AA)concentration was significantly higher than that of the CN group and DSL group(P<0.05)4)The Shannon index,ACE index,and Chao1 index of the DSH group were extremely significantly higher than those of the CN group(P<0.01),the ACE index and Chao1 index of the DSL group were extremely significantly higher than those of the CN group(P<0.01),and the ACE index of the DSH group was extremely significantly higher than that of the DSL group(P<0.01);at the rumen microbial genus level,the relative abundance of Ruminococcus in the DSH group was extremely significantly higher than that of the CN group(P<0.01),and the relative abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas was significantly higher than that of the CN group(P<0.05);functional prediction analysis results showed that the lipid metabolism,folding,sorting and degradation pathways were extremely significantly enriched in the DSH group(P<0.01),and the coenzyme and vitamin metabolism,terpenoid and polyketide metabolism pathways were significantly enriched in the DSH group(P<0.05).5)Correlation analysis showed that ADG,ADFI,concentrations of TVFA and AA were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and the coenzyme and vitamin metabolism pathway(P<0.05);ADFI,concentrations of TVFA and AA were significantly positively correlated with the folding,sorting and degradation pathway(P<0.05);F/G was significantly positively correlated with other amino acid metabolism pathway(P<0.05).The above results indicate that the addition of CPP to the diet can improve growth performance,NDF digestibility,TVFA and AA concentrations,and rumen microflora in yak calves.
作者
程文博
次旦央吉
次桑卓玛
古桑德吉
德吉曲珍
巴桑旺堆
邢亚慧
韩铖星
郭艳丽
朱彦宾
CHENG Wenbo;CIDAN Yangji;CISANG Zhuoma;GUSANG Deji;DEJI Quzhen;BASANG Wangdui;XING Yahui;HAN Chengxing;GUO Yanli;ZHU Yanbin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Xizang Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期442-455,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划-藏区牦牛藏羊选育与高效健康养殖集成示范(2022YFD1302101)
现代农业产业技术体系肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。
关键词
党参多糖
牦牛犊牛
生长性能
养分消化
瘤胃微生物
Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides
yak calves
growth performance
nutrient digestion
rumen microbiota
