摘要
迄今为止,钠离子电池(Na-ion Batteries,NIBs)和锂离子电池(Li-ion Batteries,LIBs)的容量衰减快和倍率性能差仍然是一个尚未解决的问题。氧空位(Oxygen Vacancy,OV)可以促进离子扩散,降低电荷传输阻力,提高钠离子电池和锂离子电池的比容量和倍率性能,对钠离子电池和锂离子电池正极材料有着至关重要的作用。回顾了近几年氧空位在钠离子电池和锂离子电池中的研究进展,重点从氧空位的引入,以及氧空位对正极材料结构的影响等方面介绍并讨论了氧空位对电极材料电化学性能的影响以及尚未解决的挑战,以增进人们对钠离子电池和锂离子电池正极材料中氧空位的理解,并促进钠离子电池和锂离子电池正极材料的进一步研究。
The rapid capacity decay and poor rate performance of sodium-ion batteries(NIBs)and lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)remain persisting challenges in energy storage technology.Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of oxygen vacancies(OVs)in improving the electrochemical performance of cathode materials for both battery systems.By enhancing ion diffusion kinetics,reducing charge transfer resistance,and optimizing structural stability,OVs significantly contribute to achieving higher specific capacities and superior rate capabilities.This review summarizes recent advances in the design and application of oxygen-deficient cathode materials for NIBs and LIBs,with a focus on strategies for introducing OVs and their subsequent effects on material structure and electrochemical behavior.Key synthesis approaches,including chemical reduction,doping,and controlled calcination,are discussed as effective methods for generating OVs in transition metal oxide cathodes.Experimental evidence demonstrates that OVs can mitigate phase transitions,stabilize lattice frameworks,and facilitate reversible anion redox reactions.Furthermore,the presence of OVs has been shown to improve electronic conductivity and reduce ion diffusion barriers,leading to enhanced cycling stability and rate performance.However,challenges such as the precise control of OV concentration,long-term stability of vacancy-rich structures,and scalability of synthesis methods require further investigation.This work also addresses unresolved issues related to the quantification of OV contributions to capacity mechanisms and the potential trade-offs between vacancy-induced performance improvements and material degradation.By systematically analyzing the structure-property relationships mediated by OVs,this review aims to provide fundamental insights into the rational design of advanced cathode materials,thereby guiding future research toward high-performance and cost-effective energy storage systems.
作者
陈凯宇
刘博宇
夏雨菡
王嘉琦
望红玉
CHEN Kaiyu;LIU Boyu;XIA Yuhan;WANG Jiaqi;WANG Hongyu(College of Mechanical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《功能材料》
北大核心
2026年第1期71-78,共8页
Journal of Functional Materials
基金
青海省科技国际合作专项(2022-HZ-811)。
关键词
氧空位
锂离子电池
钠离子电池
正极材料
电化学性能
oxygen vacancies
lithium-ion batteries
sodium-ion batteries
anode materials
electrochemical properties
