摘要
目的研究腹泻婴幼儿中轮状病毒(RV)感染的流行病学特征,并分析其危险因素。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年12月济宁医学院附属医院和济宁市第三人民医院具体小儿内科住院部收治的1174例腹泻婴幼儿病历资料,分为RV感染组(n=618)和非RV感染组(n=556),分析RV感染腹泻婴幼儿的流行病学特征,同时用Logistic回归分析筛选腹泻婴幼儿中RV感染的危险因素。结果2021—2023年1174例腹泻婴幼儿618例RV感染,RV感染率52.64%。2021—2023年RV感染率分别为54.60%(267/489)、51.74%(193/373)、50.64%(158/312)。季节分布:RV感染腹泻婴幼儿集中于1月(20.55%)、2月(16.67%)、12月(13.27%);居住地"乡镇"的RV感染腹泻婴幼儿占比54.85%,多于居住地"城市";男性RV感染腹泻婴幼儿占比68.12%,多于女性31.88%;各年龄段的RV感染腹泻婴幼儿分布情况差异无统计意义(χ^(2)=1.132,P=0.889)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,有RV患儿接触史(OR=3.137,P<0.001)、未按时接种RV疫苗(OR=1.589,P<0.01)、主要照护人喂养前未清洁双手(OR=4.091,P=0.001)是腹泻婴幼儿中RV感染的独立危险因素。结论RV感染是2021—2023年济宁婴幼儿腹泻的重要病因且冬季为高发期;居住地"乡镇"和男性婴幼儿更易发生RV感染腹泻。有RV患儿接触史、未按时接种RV疫苗、主要照护人喂养前未清洁双手会增大腹泻婴幼儿RV感染风险。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus(RV)infection in infants and young children with diarrhea,and analyze its risk factors.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 1174 infants and young children with diarrhea admitted to the pediatric internal medicine department of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University and Jining Third People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023.They were grouped into RV infection group(n=618)and non RV infection group(n=556)based on whether they were diagnosed with RV infection.The epidemiological characteristics of RV infected infants and young children with diarrhea were analyzed,and logistic regression analysis was used to screen for risk factors of RV infection in infants and young children with diarrhea.Results From 2021 to 2023,among 1174 infants and young children with diarrhea,618 cases were infected with RV,yielding an RV infection rate of 52.64%.The RV infection rate in 2021 was 54.60%(267/489),that in 2022 was 51.74%(193/373),and that in 2023 was 50.64%(158/312).Seasonal distribution:From 2021 to 2023,RV infected diarrhea infants and young children were concentrated in January(20.55%),February(16.67%),and December(13.27%).The proportion of RV infected diarrhea infants and young children in rural areas(54.85%)was higher than that in urban areas.Among infants and young children infected with RV diarrhea,males(68.12%)were more than females(31.88%).There was no statistically obvious difference in the distribution of RV infected diarrhea infants and young children among different age groups(χ^(2)=1.132,P=0.889).Logistic regression reveled that the history of exposure to RV(OR=3.137,P<0.001),failure to receive RV vaccines on time(OR=1.589,P<0.01),and failure of primary caregivers to clean their hands before feeding(OR=4.091,P=0.001)were independent risk factors for RV infection in infants and young children with diarrhea.Conclusion RV infection is an important cause of diarrhea in infants and young children in Jining from 2021 to 2023,the RV infection rate is more than 50%,and winter is the peak season.Infants and young children living in rural areas and male were more likely to be infected with RV diarrhea.Having a history of exposure to RV,failure to receive RV vaccines on time,and failure of primary caregivers to clean their hands before feeding may increase the risk of RV infection in infants with diarrhea.
作者
张亮
田延超
郑钦亮
张利君
Zhang Liang;Tian Yanchao;Zheng Qinliang;Zhang Lijun(Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University,Jining 272001,China)
出处
《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》
2025年第6期773-778,共6页
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
基金
2025年齐鲁中医药文化研究(2025-165-47)。
关键词
腹泻
婴幼儿
轮状病毒
流行病学特征
危险因素
Diarrhea
Infants and young children
Rotavirus
Epidemiological characteristics
Risk factors
