摘要
近年来,随着新能源汽车产业的快速崛起,退役动力电池的数量呈现出急剧增长的趋势。退役动力电池富含高价值的锂资源,其高效且选择性回收对于实现资源的可持续利用与保障环境安全具有重要战略意义。纳滤膜技术依托尺寸筛分与电荷作用的离子选择性分离机制,在复杂浸出液体系中高效分离锂与其他多价金属离子方面展现出显著应用潜力。本文系统梳理了纳滤膜在退役动力电池资源化回收中的最新研究进展,重点探讨了膜材料结构设计与改性策略、工艺参数优化、分离机理解析及实际应用中面临的关键技术挑战,并结合现有研究成果展望了未来发展方向。该综述旨在为高效、绿色的锂资源回收技术提供理论基础与工程参考。
In recent years,the rapid rise of the new energy vehicle industry has led to a sharp increase in the number of Spent power lithium-ion batteries.These spent batteries are rich in high‑value lithium resources,and their efficient and selective recovery is of strategic importance for achieving resource sustainability and ensuring environmental safety.Nanofiltration(NF)membrane technology,with its ion-selective separation mechanism based on size sieving and electrostatic interactions,has demonstrated remarkable potential for the efficient separation of lithium from other multivalent metal ions in complex leachate systems.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the application of NF membranes for the resource recovery of retired power batteries,with a particular focus on membrane material design and modification strategies,process parameter optimization,separation mechanism elucidation,and key technical challenges encountered in practical applications.Finally,potential future research directions are proposed,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and engineering reference for the development of high‑efficiency,environmentally friendly lithium recovery technologies.
作者
贾萌萌
邓婷婷
关云山
侯昭飞
盛莉莉
车识
魏嫣莹
JIA Mengmeng;DENG Tingting;GUAN Yunshan;HOU Zhaofei;SHENG Lili;CHE Shi;WEI Yanying(School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Quzhou Membrane Material Innovation Institute,Quzhou 324003,China;Chemical Engineering School,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Minmetals Salt Lake Co.,Ltd.,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Yanhu Industry Co.,Ltd.,Geermu 816000,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
北大核心
2026年第2期1-12,共12页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
国家自然科学基金区域联合重点项目(U23A20115)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金C类(22508123)
中国博士后科学基金第77批面上资助(2025M771139)。
关键词
退役动力电池
锂资源回收
纳滤膜
耐酸性
选择性分离
spent power lithium-ion battery
lithium resource recovery
nanofiltration membrane
acid resistance
ion-selective separation
