摘要
[目的]探究延河流域生态系统服务的时空演变及权衡/协同关系,为该流域开展针对性水土流失治理,实现区域高质量发展提供科学依据。[方法]基于1980—2020年土地利用数据、土壤数据、气象数据和数字高程模型(DEM)数据等多源数据,运用ArcGIS和InVEST等模型,评估该流域1980—2020年4种生态系统服务的时空演变格局及其权衡/协同关系。[结果]1)研究期内,流域的产水量年际平均值为2.04×10~8 m3(径流深26.55 mm),呈“几”字形变化趋势,单位面积产水量先升后降再升。空间分布上,延河流域的产水量整体呈中游高上下游低的分布特征。2)土壤保持总量总体呈“U”形波动增加趋势,单位面积最高值在2010—2020年增速较快。空间分布上,土壤保持量高值区分布较为分散,表现出南部高北部低的分布规律。3)碳储量逐年增长,单位面积碳储量高值区由南向北逐步扩散,表现出南高北低的分布规律。4)流域平均生境质量指数变化呈逐年下降趋势,整体生境质量较低,南部林区生境质量较好,低值区沿河道呈条带状分布。5)流域内4种生态系统服务间存在显著相关性(p<0.01),产水量-碳储量及产水量-生境质量呈显著权衡关系,土壤保持、碳储量和生境质量间互呈协同关系,产水量-土壤保持在1980年为权衡关系,随后转为协同关系,在2010年转为权衡关系,大部分区域没有明显的权衡和协同关系。从整体看,流域内的协同区域不断缩小,权衡区域面积不断扩大。各生态系统的高-高协同主要分布在中下游地区,低-低协同主要分布在上游地区,权衡关系则主要分散在中上游地区。[结论]研究结果通过定量评估揭示延河流域的生态系统服务的时空演变格局及其权衡/协同关系,为黄土高原生态系统服务综合效益的提升与资源配置优化提供科学依据。
[Objective]This study investigates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and trade-off/synergy relationships of ecosystem services in the Yanhe River basin,aiming to provide a scientific basis for targeted soil and water conservation and regional high-quality development.[Methods]Based on multi-source data,including land use data,soil data,meteorological data,and digital elevation model(DEM)data from 1980 to 2020,this study applied ArcGIS and the InVEST model to assess the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and trade-off/synergy relationships of four ecosystem services in the Yanhe River basin during this period.[Results]1)During the study period,the average annual water yield in the basin was 2.04×108 m3(with a runoff depth of 26.55 mm),showing anΩ-shaped trend,with the water yield per unit area increasing first,followed by a decline,and finally increasing again.Spatially,the water yield was generally higher in the middle reaches and lower in the upper and lower reaches.2)The total soil conservation displayed a U-shaped fluctuating increasing trend,with the highest per-unit-area values rising rapidly during 2010—2020.Spatially,high-value zones of soil conservation were scattered,following a distribution pattern of higher in the south and lower in the north.3)Carbon storage increased year by year,with high-value zones of carbon storage per unit area progressively expanding from south to north,showing a distribution pattern of higher in the south and lower in the north.4)The average habitat quality index of the basin showed a continuous decreasing trend annually,with overall low habitat quality.The habitat quality in the southern forested areas was relatively good,while low-value zones were distributed in strip patterns along river channels.5)Significant correlations(p<0.01)were observed among the four ecosystem services in the Yanhe River basin.Water yield and carbon storage,as well as water yield and habitat quality,demonstrated significant trade-off relationships.Soil conservation,carbon storage,and habitat quality demonstrated synergistic relationships with each other.The water yield-soil conservation relationship was a tradeoff in 1980,then shifted to synergy,and returned to trade-off in 2010.Most regions exhibited no pronounced trade-offs or synergies.Overall,synergistic areas within the basin progressively diminished,while trade-off areas expanded.High-high synergy clusters were primarily concentrated in the mid-lower reaches,low-low synergy was mainly in the upper reaches,and trade-off relationships were predominantly scattered in the mid-upper reaches.[Conclusion]The quantitative assessment of this study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and tradeoff/synergy relationships of ecosystem services in the Yanhe River basin,providing a scientific basis for enhancing the integrated benefits of ecosystem services and optimizing resource allocation on the Loess Plateau.
作者
李婷
支若晨
张超
LI Ting;ZHI Ruochen;ZHANG Chao(College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation),Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《水土保持学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期120-131,143,共13页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFF1305103)。
