摘要
为解决大宗矿泥、赤泥的无害化、资源化问题,以脱水矿泥、赤泥为研究对象,通过配施生物有机肥与复合肥和盆栽种植玉米,并分析基质的理化性质、肥力状况、重金属等指标,探讨肥料-玉米协同作用对赤泥-矿泥土壤化成土重构及其重金属的影响。结果显示,生物有机肥与复合肥配施显著促进了玉米生长,其株高和根长均明显高于对照组;赤泥-矿泥土壤化处置使基质的容重从1.1 g/cm^(3)降至0.9 g/cm^(3),孔隙度从60%提升至65%,物理结构得到改善,微观上出现球状形态,形成团聚体且连通性变好。生长60 d,赤泥-矿泥土壤化处置基质的pH和EC值分别降至7.72、476.9μS/cm,均符合相关标准;有机质和碱解氮含量提升至《全国第二次土壤普查养分分级》中的第五级,有效磷、速效钾含量保持在三级、二级,较对照处理最高分别提升了0.13、0.08、6.28和2.51倍;玉米对赤泥-矿泥土壤化处置使基质的Cr、As、Pb、Hg重金属生物转运和富集系数最高分别为0.78、0.721,均小于1,显示这些重金属未向玉米植株转移、富集。Pearson相关性结果显示,pH值显著影响基质磷、钾养分有效性和Cr、As、Pb、Hg重金属的钝化。本研究结果可为赤泥、矿泥土壤化生态修复提供参考。
In order to solve the problem of harmless and resource of bulk mineral sludge and red mud,regard dehydrated slime and red mud as the research objects,combined application of bio-organic fertilizer compound fertilizer and potted corn planting,the effect of fertilizer-maize synergy on the reconstruction of the soil formation of red mud and mine sludge and heavy metals properties was explored by analyzing the physical and chemical properties,fertility status and heavy metals of the substrate.The results showed that bio-organic fertiliser with compound fertiliser significantly promoted the growth of corn,resulting in a significant increase in corn plant height and root length compared to the control;Substrate for the soilization disposal of red mud and mine sludge matrix decreased from 1.1 g/cm^(3) to 0.9 g/cm^(3),and the porosity increased from 60% to 65%,physical structure improved,microscopic spherical morphology,the formation of agglomerates and better connectivity.At 60 d of growth,the pH and EC values of the substrate for the soilization disposal of red mud and mine sludge decreased to 7.72 and 476.9μS/cm,all in accordance with relevant standards;Organic matter and alkaline dissolved nitrogen contents were upgraded to the fifth level in the Nutrient Classification of the Second National Soil Census,while effective phosphorus and quick-acting potassi-·225·um contents were maintained at the third and second levels,compared with the control treatment of the highest were up 0.13,0.08,6.28 and 2.51 times;The highest transfer and enrichment coefficients for Cr,As,Pb and Hg heavy metals of corn to the substrate for the soilization disposal of red mud and mine sludge were 0.78 and 0.721,respectively,which were less than 1,indicating that these heavy metals were not transferred and enriched to corn plants.Pearson correlation analysis showed that pH significantly affected substrate phosphorus and potassium nutrient effectiveness and passivation of Cr,As,Pb and Hg heavy metals.The results of this study can provide a reference for the ecological restoration of red mud and mineral mud soil.
作者
宋柔
成官文
王圻雅婷
李金达
张正林
农国武
黄振艺
SONG Rou;CHENG Guanwen;WANG Qiyating;LI Jinda;ZHANG Zhenglin;NONG Guowu;HUANG Zhenyi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control,Guilin 541006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Branch,Aluminum Corporation of China Limited,Pingguo 531400,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
北大核心
2026年第1期225-235,共11页
Metal Mine
基金
广西重点研发计划项目(编号:AB20297039)
中国铝业股份有限公司科技攻关项目(编号:GXZZ202210)。
关键词
赤泥
矿泥
土壤化处置
肥料
玉米
矿山生态修复
red mud
mine sludge
soilization disposal
fertilizer
corn
mine ecological restoration
