摘要
为有效解决耕地撂荒及提高撂荒地治理经济效益的问题,以全国耕地撂荒现状及其分布特点为基础,选择南方山区小流域撂荒地作为主要研究对象,通过文献查阅及福建省福州、南平、三明等县市调查和经验总结,总结分析撂荒地形成的主要原因及分布状况,阐述耕地撂荒对粮食安全生产的影响;以福建省为例,系统总结构建循环农业模式治理山区小流域撂荒地的主要经验。结果表明:1)小流域撂荒地治理,要通过完善农业生产基础设施、实现小流域山垅田种植智慧化、发展特色产业,降低生产成本;2)政策引领,出台奖补措施、改变土地性质,发展特种养殖与种植牧草等,形成产业循环,增加经济效益。综上,本研究建议通过变更南方小流域耕地土地性质,例如小流域耕地可以种植牧草,以草代粮,发展牛、羊、草鱼、鹅等养殖,同时,发展休闲文旅,增加小流域内土地的建设用地,实现农业生产与农旅文创相结合,从而提高小流域撂荒地开发的经济效益。
To effectively address the issue of cultivated land abandonment and improve the economic benefits of abandoned land management,based on the current situation and distribution characteristics of cultivated land abandonment across the country,through literature review and investigations and experiences in counties and cities such as Fuzhou,Nanping,and Sanming in Fujian Province,the abandoned lands in small watersheds of southern mountainous areas were selected as the main research object.The main causes and distribution of abandoned land were summarized and analyzed,and the impact of cultivated land abandonment on food safety production was elaborated.Taking Fujian Province as an example,the main experiences in constructing a circular agriculture model to manage abandoned land in small watersheds of mountainous areas were systematically summarized.The results show that:1)For the management of abandoned land in smallwatersheds,it is necessary to reduce production costs by improving agricultural production infrastructure,realizing intelligent planting in mountain valley fields of small watersheds,and developing characteristic industries.2)Guided by policies,incentive and subsidy measures should be introduced,land use should be changed,special aquaculture and forage grass planting should be developed to form an industrial cycle and increase economic benefits.In summary,it is recommended to change the land use of cultivated land in small watersheds in the south.Forage grass can be planted on the cultivated land in smal watersheds,replacing grain with grass to develop livestock and poultry breeding such as cattle,sheep,grass carp,and geese.Leisure and cultural tourism can also be developed,and the construction land in small watersheds can be increased to combine agricultural production with farming culture,thereby improving the economic benefits of developing abandoned land in small watersheds.
作者
陈钟佃
刘朋虎
黄秀声
翁伯琦
潘建文
张丽梅
CHEN Zhongdian;LIU Penhu;HUANG Xiusheng;WENG Boqi;PAN Jianwen;ZHANG Limei(Institute of Resources,Environment and Soil Fertilizer/Research Center of Circular Agriculture in Hilly,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;College of JunCao Science and Ecology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fuqing Rural Revitalization and Development Center,Fuzhou 350301,China;Pomology Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China)
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期205-214,共10页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
福建省科技厅星火项目(2024S0021,2025S0043)
福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021010)
福建省农业科学院项目(CXTD2021009-1,YDXM202205)
福清市2025年度绿色先行区产业园项目。
关键词
南方山区
小流域
撂荒地
治理模式
southern mountainous areas
small watershed
abandoned land
management model
