摘要
布鲁氏菌病(简称“布病”)作为典型人兽共患病,持续威胁着我国畜牧业可持续发展和相关人员的身体健康,已有研究普遍聚焦于布病流行病学特征、致病机理与防控技术,缺乏对布病经济属性及治理机制的综合性分析。因此,文章系统性梳理当前已有布病研究成果,重点从经济属性、影响评估、主体行为及治理机制视角进行综合分析与展望。结果表明:1)布病具有影响的负外部性和发生、传播的不确定性,布病防控具有主体间信息不对称、投入正外部性、结果不确定性以及生物安全投资可能存在的规模经济特征。2)布病对动物和人类具有直接和间接、显性和隐性、无形和有形等多种影响,通常从经济损失和健康损害2个方面进行测度。3)布病感染风险因素涵盖牛羊等牲畜的养殖、屠宰加工以及肉、奶等产品处理全过程各环节,不同区域、年龄、文化程度、职业的相关主体布病防控行为存在差异,总体防控水平偏低。4)当前布病的治理机制主要包括3个层面:一是集中治理与分散治理的选择和结合、二是公共部门和私人部门合作机制、三是不同管理部门间协同机制。在未来布病研究与实践中,研究方面建议加强布病监测基础数据统筹与应用,深化布病相关主体行为研究,加强布病合作治理机制优化研究;实践方面建议探索应用新技术、新模式优化部门联动、公私合作等布病治理机制,构建更具韧性的治理体系。
Brucellosis,as a typical zoonosis,continuously poses a threat to the sustainable development of China's livestock industry and the health of relevant personnel.Previous studies related to brucellosis have generally focused on the epidemiological characteristics,pathogenesis and control measures,lacking comprehensive analysis of its economic attributes and governance mechanisms.Therefore,this article systematically reviewed current research results related to brucellosis,focusing on comprehensive analysis and prospects from the perspectives of economic attributes,impact assessment,stakeholders’behavior,and governance mechanism.The results showed that:1)Brucellosis has negative externalities and uncertainties in occurrence and transmission.The prevention and control of brucellosis exhibit characteristics of information asymmetry among stakeholders,positive externalities in investment,uncertainty in outcomes,and potential economies of scale in biosafety investment.2)Brucellosis has various impacts on animals and humans,including direct and indirect,explicit and implicit,tangible and intangible effects.It is usually measured from two aspects:economic losses and health damage.3)Risk factors for brucellosis infection cover the entire process of livestock breeding,slaughtering,processing,and handling of meat,milk,and other products.There are differences in brucellosis prevention and control behavior towards brucellosis among groups from different areas,ages,education,and occupations.Overall,there is room for improvement in stakeholders’behavior towards brucellosis.4)The current governance mechanism for brucellosis mainly consists of three aspects:first,the selection and combination of centralized and decentralized governance;second,the cooperation mechanism between public and private sectors;third,the collaborative mechanism among different administrative departments.It is suggested that strengthening the coordination and application of brucellosis monitor data,further research on the of stakeholders’behavioral patterns,and the cooperative governance mechanism optimization,and exploring the application of new technologies and models to optimize mechanisms for brucellosis control,such as departmental collaboration and public-private partnerships,and to build a more resilient governance system.
作者
常倩
徐震
王洁琼
CHANG Qian;XU Zhen;WANG Jieqiong(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;PIESAT Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100195,China)
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
北大核心
2026年第2期141-151,共11页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610052025041)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(10-IEAD-01-2025)。
