摘要
为提了解难降解的聚合物包膜材料可能产生的微塑料风险,本研究采用三种常见聚合物包膜控释肥,开展土壤培养试验,模拟研究双季5年持续施用条件下潜在的微塑料产生特性。结果表明:三种不同膜材的包膜尿素由于释放特性不同,对土壤电导率、硝铵态氮、全氮产生了显著影响,从而影响膜壳降解和微塑料产生量。其中完整颗粒形态施用时,生物基聚氨酯膜材控释尿素释放微塑料最多,较空白处理提高237.3%,较聚乙烯膜材和聚氨酯膜材分别提高29.7%~39.0%,破碎颗粒形态施用时,模拟破碎聚乙烯膜材处理释放微塑料最多,较空白处理提高160%,较模拟破碎生物基聚氨酯膜材处理和模拟破碎聚氨酯膜材处理和分别提高62.5%~182.6%。研究表明,包膜控释肥料表面的聚合物涂层会释放微塑料,且破碎形态的膜壳的微塑料释放风险增加。
To understand the potential microplastic risks posed by persistent polymer coating materials,this study employed three common polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizers to conduct soil incubation ex-periments.The experiments simulated the potential microplastic generation characteristics under the condi-tion of continuous application for 5 years across double cropping seasons.The results showed that the three types of coated urea with different membrane materials had significant impacts due to their different release characteristics,which significantly influenced soil electrical conductivity,nitrate-nitrogen,ammonium-nitro-gen,and total nitrogen.Changes in these indicators further affected membrane shell degradation and micro-plastic production.When applied in the form of intact granules,the bio-based polyurethane-coated con-trolled-release urea released the highest amount of microplastics,which was 237.3%higher than that of the blank control,and 29.7%to 39.0%higher than that of polyethylene-coated and polyurethane-coated u-rea respectively.When applied in the form of crushed granules,the simulated crushed polyethylene mem-brane treatment released the highest amount of microplastics,which was 160%higher than that of the blank control,and 62.5%to 182.6%higher than that of the simulated crushed bio-based polyurethane membrane treatment and simulated crushed polyurethane membrane treatment respectively.This study in-dicates that the polymer coatings on the surface of coated controlled-release fertilizers can release micro-plastics,and the risk of microplastic release from crushed membrane shells is increased.
作者
周海馨
朱梦涵
赵晨浩
王圣森
ZHOU Haixin;ZHU Menghan;ZHAO Chenhao;WANG Shengsen(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,China)
出处
《中国农业科学前沿》
2025年第2期12-20,共9页
Frontiers of Chinese Agricultural Sciences
关键词
包膜控释肥料
微塑料
土壤
理化性质
Coated controlled-release fertilizer
microplastics
soil
physicochemical properties
