摘要
为明确适宜豫北地区冬小麦种植的高效磷肥品种,并为该区域冬小麦精准施肥和土壤生态管理提供科学依据。本研究采用田间定位试验,设置不施磷肥(CK)、重过磷酸钙(TSP)、磷酸一铵(MAP)、磷酸二铵(DAP)和聚磷酸铵(APP)5个处理,通过分析产量、磷素累积量、磷肥利用率、土壤有效磷含量和无机磷组分等指标,探讨不同磷肥品种的施用效果,同时,利用高通量测序技术研究携带gcd基因的细菌群落特征。结果表明,与CK相比,4种磷肥处理均显著提高了冬小麦产量、磷素累积量、磷肥利用率、土壤有效磷含量和Ca_(2)-P含量,其中APP效果最佳。而且,籽粒产量分别与土壤有效磷含量及Ca_(2)-P含量呈显著正相关。此外,不同品种磷肥的施用对携带gcd基因的细菌群落多样性无显著影响,但显著改变了其群落结构。从群落组成来看,假单胞菌属(Pseud-omonas)是绝对优势菌属。综上,在豫北地区冬小麦生产中,APP综合表现最佳,具有较好的应用潜力,可作为优选磷肥品种。
[Objective]To identify highly efficient phosphate fertilizer varieties suitable for winter wheat cultivation in northern Henan Province and to provide a scientific basis for precise fertilization and soil ecological management in this region.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted with five treatments:no phosphate fertilizer(CK),triple superphosphate(TSP),monoammonium phosphate(MAP),diammonium phosphate(DAP),and ammonium polyphosphate(APP).Crop yield,phosphorus accumulation,phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency,soil available phosphorus content,and inorganic phosphorus fractions were examined to assess the effects of different phosphate fertilizer varieties.High-throughput sequencing technology was further employed to analyze the characteristics of gcd-harboring bacterial communities.[Results]Compared with CK,all four phosphate fertilizer treatments significantly increased winter wheat yield,phosphorus accumulation,phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency,soil available phosphorus content,and Ca_(2)-P content,with the APP treatment showing the best performance.Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with soil available phosphorus and Ca_(2)-P contents.Although different phosphate fertilizers did not significantly alter the diversity of gcd-harboring bacterial communities,they substantially changed the community structure,with Pseudomonas identified as the dominant genus.[Conclusion]APP exhibited the best overall performance in winter wheat production in northern Henan Province and holds strong application potential,making it a recommended phosphate fertilizer variety for the region.
作者
成嘉淇
杨金波
程艺凡
付利敏
张书红
王菲
CHENG Jiaqi;YANG Jinbo;CHENG Yifan;FU Limin;ZHANG Shuhong;WANG Fei(School of Plant Protection and Environment,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China;Henan Xinlianxin Chemicals Group Co.,Ltd.,Xinxiang 453014,China)
出处
《中国农业科学前沿》
2025年第4期33-45,共13页
Frontiers of Chinese Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31872184)
河南省自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(222300420044)资助。
关键词
磷肥品种
冬小麦
磷肥利用率
土壤磷组分
携带gcd基因细菌
Phosphate fertilizer varieties
winter wheat
phosphorus utilization efficiency
soil phosphorus fractions
gcd-harboring bacteria
