摘要
为应对污水处理行业能耗高、碳排放量大的问题,新型低碳节能工艺与跨行业技术融合应用成为发展趋势。好氧颗粒污泥技术通过同步硝化反硝化实现工艺集约化,硫自养反硝化技术利用无机碳源降低产泥量,厌氧氨氧化技术可节省70%曝气能耗与全部有机碳源,但均存在微生物驯化周期长、环境适应性差等技术瓶颈。跨领域技术中,光伏发电可为污水厂提供20%~30%节电效果,电化学技术通过电解制氢制氧实现能源原位利用,AI技术结合神经网络算法使COD预测精度达R^(2)=0.99,智能控制系统实现10%~25%能耗节约。尽管存在运行稳定性、温度敏感性和技术成熟度等挑战,通过工艺创新与光伏、电化学、人工智能等技术的深度融合,污水处理行业正朝着低碳节能、资源自给、智能高效的方向转型发展,为实现"双碳"目标提供重要技术支撑。
In order to cope with the problems of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions in the sewage treatment industry,the integration and application of new low-carbon energy-saving processes and cross-domain technologies have become a development trend.Aerobic granular sludge technology realizes process intensification through synchronous nitrification and denitrification,sulfur autotrophic denitrification technology uses inorganic carbon sources to reduce sludge production,and anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology can save 70%of aeration energy consumption and all organic carbon sources,but there are technical bottlenecks such as long microbial acclimation cycles and poor environmental adaptability.Among the cross-domain technologies,photovoltaic power generation can provide a 20%to 30%energy-saving effect for sewage plants,electrochemical technology realizes in-situ energy utilization through electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen production,AI technology combined with neural network algorithms enables COD prediction accuracy to reach R^(2)=0.99,and intelligent control systems achieve 10%to 25%energy saving.Despite the challenges of operational stability,temperature sensitivity and technological maturity,the wastewater treatment industry is transforming and developing towards low-carbon energy saving,resource self-sufficiency,intelligence and efficiency through the deep integration of process innovation and technologies such as photovoltaics,electrochemistry and artificial intelligence,providing important technical support for the realization of the"dual carbon"goal.
作者
赵孟雷
ZHAO Menglei(Anhui Huaqi Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Anhui Ma’anshan 243000,China)
出处
《广州化工》
2026年第2期23-25,141,共4页
GuangZhou Chemical Industry
关键词
双碳战略
城镇污水处理厂
低碳工艺
前沿技术
dual carbon strategy
urban sewage treatment plants
low-carbon process
cutting-edge technology
