摘要
污泥生物炭作为一种新型环境修复材料,通过热解技术由污泥制备而成,具有多孔性、高比表面积和丰富的官能团。本文综述了污泥生物炭的制备方法及其在环境修复领域的应用。在土壤改良方面,污泥生物炭可改善土壤结构,增加保水性,提升微生物活性,增强土壤肥力。在污染土壤修复中,它能吸附固定重金属离子和有机污染物,降低其生物有效性,减少环境风险。在水体净化中,污泥生物炭通过物理吸附、化学反应和生物降解等机制,有效去除水中的有机污染物和重金属离子。研究表明,污泥生物炭的制备条件(如热解温度、升温速率、活化剂浓度等)对其性能有显著影响。本文还对污泥生物炭的潜在环境风险进行了评估,指出其在重金属含量和有机污染物生成方面需进行严格控制。总体而言,污泥生物炭在环境修复领域展现出广阔的应用前景,但仍需进一步优化制备工艺和降低环境风险,以实现其可持续应用。
As a novel environmental remediation material,sludge biochar is prepared from sludge via pyrolysis technology,featuring porosity,a high specific surface area,and abundant functional groups.An overview was provided for the preparation methods of sludge biochar and its applications in the field of environmental remediation.In the context of soil improvement,sludge biochar can optimize soil structure,enhance water-holding capacity,promote microbial activity,and improve soil fertility.For the remediation of contaminated soils,it was capable of adsorbing and immobilizing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants,thereby reducing their bioavailability and mitigating environmental risks.In water purification,organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions can be effectively removed by sludge biochar through physical adsorption,chemical reactions and biodegradation.Studies showed that the preparation conditions of sludge biochar(e.g.,pyrolysis temperature,heating rate and activator concentration)exerted a significant influence on its performance.Additionally,the potential environmental risks associated with sludge biochar are evaluated,and it was emphasized that the heavy metal content and the formation of organic pollutants must be strictly controlled.In summary,sludge biochar exhibited broad application prospects in environmental remediation.However,further optimization of the preparation process and mitigation of environmental risks were still required to realize its sustainable application.
作者
王思媛
刘巍
曲萌
道仁
刘坚
周家斌
刘丹
王志朴
WANG Siyuan;LIU Wei;QU Meng;DAO Ren;LIU Jian;ZHOU Jiabin;LIU Dan;WANG Zhipu(College of Engineering,Karamay Campus,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Xinjiang Karamay 834000;Changji Ecological Environment Monitoring Station in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang Changji 834000;Xinjiang Environmental Protection Research Institute,Xinjiang Urumqi 834000;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Sichuan Chengdu 610500,China)
出处
《广州化工》
2026年第2期6-8,33,共4页
GuangZhou Chemical Industry
基金
新疆第三次科考项目(2022xjkk1002)
四川省重点研发项目(24QYCX0252)
克拉玛依创新人才项目(2024hjcxrc0110)
新疆科技厅特培项目(2021D03022)。
关键词
污泥
生物炭
制备
环境修复
风险评价
sludge
biochar
preparation
environmental remediation
risk evaluation
