摘要
随着轨道交通列车编组加长、总质量变大、载客量增大及运行速度提高等,列车用钩缓装置多采用高性能的气液缓冲器,在列车起动、制动和运行中突然加减速时,降低车辆之间因存在速度差而产生的纵向冲击力,提升列车运行平稳性和乘坐舒适性;同时在列车进行连挂和救援时,起到缓冲车辆之间纵向冲击碰撞的作用,以保证列车连挂和救援的安全性。因气液缓冲器具有性能稳定、动态性能曲线饱满、容量较大以及吸收率较高等特点,被广泛应用于动车组和城轨列车的钩缓装置中。文章通过研究不同工况下列车纵向动力学计算,分析了列车关键车钩断面车钩力的变化规律,明确了气液缓冲器失效后对列车连挂与救援的影响程度,同时为了减小缓冲器失效的负面影响,验证了降低连挂速度措施的可行性,对保障故障车辆的连挂运行具有一定的指导意义。
With the increasing train length,total mass,passenger capacity and operating speed in rail transit,high-performance gas-liquid buffers are commonly adopted in coupler and draft gear systems.These buffers reduce the longitudinal impact force between vehicles due to speed differences during train start-up,braking,and sudden acceleration or deceleration,thereby improving train operation stability and ride comfort.Furthermore,they buffer the longitudinal impact and collision between vehicles during coupling and rescue operations,ensuring safety during coupling and rescue.Gas-liquid buffers are widely used in couplers of EMUs and urban rail trains due to their stable performance,full dynamic performance curve,large capacity and high absorption rate.This paper studies the longitudinal dynamics of trains under different operational conditions,analyzes the variation patterns of coupler forces at critical sections,and clarifies the impact of gasliquid buffer failure on train coupling and rescue operations.In order to reduce the negative impact of buffer failure,the feasibility of measures to reduce coupling speed is verified.The findings provide operational guidance for ensuring the coupling operation of faulty vehicles.
作者
孟繁彬
齐亚文
朱兴晨
朱海涛
MENG Fanbin;QI Yawen;ZHU Xingchen;ZHU Haitao(CRRC Braking System Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266031,China)
出处
《智慧轨道交通》
2026年第1期18-22,64,共6页
INTELLIGENT RAIL TRANSIT
关键词
钩缓装置
气液缓冲器
冲击碰撞
纵向动力学
失效
coupler and draft gear
gas-liquid buffer
impact collision
longitudinal dynamics
failure
