摘要
在复杂地质条件下,地震资料往往成像精度低,多解性强,难以有效开展烃类检测及流体识别。以塔里木盆地柯坪南地区为例,探讨微生物油气检测技术在复杂山前带地区的适用性,为油气勘探提供多技术融合的新途径。通过检测地表微生物的含量和分布特征,预测了地下油气富集区并判别流体性质,并结合地震信息开展了综合评价。研究结果表明:①研究区共识别出5个稳定的微生物异常区,通过微生物指标与地球化学指标综合评价将研究区划分为3类有利区。②微生物高值分布区保存条件最好,且具有一定的构造背景,为一类异常区;异常微生物高值分布区保存条件较好,且与构造均有不同程度的匹配性,为二类异常区;构造暂不落实的区域,评价为三类异常区。③异常区分布得到了后续钻井的验证,吻合度较好。④微生物地球化学技术在复杂山前带地区的应用取得了较好的效果,微生物油气检测技术通过烃氧化菌丰度直接反映现今渗漏活动,对动态保存条件敏感,适用于快速圈定有利区。⑤地球化学技术通过历史吸附烃反映长期渗漏累积,两者互补,形成“动态充注-历史保存”双指标模型,在无可靠直接烃类指示数据时,可进行勘探有利区的识别和评价。在柯坪南地区用地震技术建立构造格架,以微生物技术为主导开展勘探目标优选,辅以地球化学技术验证保存条件演化,这一种地震-微生物-地球化学协同新模式可为复杂山前带油气勘探提供新思路。
In complex geological settings,seismic data often suffer from limited imaging accuracy and a strong multiplicity of possible interpretations,making it difficult to conduct effective hydrocarbon detection and fluid identification.By investigating the southern Keping area,Tarim Basin,we assess the applicability of the microbial oil survey technique(MOST)to complex piedmont zones,aiming to develop a novel,integrated multi-technique approach to hydrocarbon exploration.By analyzing the content and distribution of surface microorganisms,we predict the subsurface hydrocarbon enrichment zones and identify the fluid properties.A comprehensive assessment is conducted by combining microbial data with seismic data.The results indicate the presence of five stable microbial anomaly zones within the study area.The comprehensive assessment based on microbial and geochemical indicators reveals that the study area can be divided into three categories of play fairway,i.e.,classesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢanomaly zones.ClassⅠanomaly zones,among others,are characterized by high microbial values(MVs),optimal hydrocarbon preservation conditions,and favorable structural trap conditions.ClassⅡanomaly zones exhibit high MVs and favorable preservation conditions but moderate structural trap conditions.In contrast,microbial anomaly zones with poor structural trap conditions are classified as classⅢ.The distribution of the anomaly zones has been confirmed by subsequent drilling,exhibiting a high degree of consistency.The microbial geochemical technique has yielded encouraging application results in the complex piedmont zone.The MOST,which directly reflects the present-day hydrocarbon leakage activity based on the abundance of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria(HOB),is highly sensitive to dynamic hydrocarbon preservation conditions,making it suitable for the rapid delineation of play fairways.In contrast,the geochemical technique,i.e.,sorbed soil gas(SSG),captures long-term hydrocarbon leakage by detecting historically adsorbed hydrocarbons.MOST and SSG thus complement each other,forming a dual-indicator model that considers both dynamic charging and historical preservation.This model allows for the assessment and classification of play fairways in cases where no reliable direct hydrocarbon indicators(DHIs)are available.Overall,a novel seismic-microbial-geochemical integrated model has been established for the southern Keping area,in which the tectonic framework is defined using seismic data,optimal exploration targets are primarily selected using MOST,and the evolution of hydrocarbon preservation conditions is validated using SSG.This integrated model can provide new ideas for hydrocarbon exploration in the complex piedmont zone.
作者
段野
陈永权
刘成鑫
成艳
张昊
许风光
周鹏
丁力
吴宇兵
DUAN Ye;CHEN Yongquan;LIU Chengxin;CHENG Yan;ZHANG Hao;XU Fengguang;ZHOU Peng;DING Li;WU Yubing(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Xinjiang Shenergy Petroleum Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200041,China;AE&E Geomicrobial Technologies Inc.,Beijing 102200,China)
出处
《石油与天然气地质》
北大核心
2026年第1期34-43,共10页
Oil & Gas Geology
基金
深地国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1010303)。
关键词
微生物油气检测技术
烃氧化菌
酸解吸附烃
微生物异常
地球化学
复杂山前带
柯坪南地区
塔里木盆地
microbial oil survey technique(MOST)
hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria(HOB)
acid-extracted hydrocarbon
microbial anomaly
geochemisty
complex piedmont zone
southern Keping area
Tarim Basin
