摘要
黄瓜是我国主要的设施果菜之一,而水分和肥料供应是影响果实品质的两大主要因素。为探讨适宜黄瓜种植的水钾耦合模式,及水钾耦合条件下黄瓜风味物质的变化规律,测定水钾耦合对不同器官中钾元素的分布比例,并采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术(Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry,GC-IMS)定性、定量分析黄瓜中的挥发性有机物。低钾条件下,中高水处理显著提高钾元素在果实中的分配比例。并且果实中共鉴定出34种挥发性有机物,其中定性31种,包含醇类9种、酯类7种、醛类4种、酮类4种、吡嗪类3种、烯烃类3种、醚类1种,其他类有机物3种,其中醇类和酯类是最丰富的挥发性成分。未检测到黄瓜的核心香味物质(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛,说明水钾耦合模式需要进一步优化。进一步对样品中关键挥发性成分进行主成分及偏最小二乘法判别分析,筛选出15种变量重要投影值(variable important for the projection,VIP)大于1的差异标志物,其中异戊醛和反式-3-己烯醇含量的增加,可能是黄瓜风味增加的主要原因。本研究可为优化水钾耦合模式、评价并改善黄瓜风味品质提供理论依据。
Cucumbers are one of the main vegetable crops in China,and water and fertilizer supply are confirmed to be major factors affecting the quality of the fruits.In order to explore the appropriate water-potassium coupling mode for cucumber cultivation,and investigate changes in flavor,GC-IMS was used to analyze the volatile organic compounds.Under low potassium conditions,T4 and T7 treatments significantly increased the proportion of potassium element distribution in the fruits.In addition,a total of 34 VOCs were detected,among which 31 VOCs were characterized,including 9 alcohols,7 esters,4 aldehydes,4 ketones,3 pyrazines,3 alkenes,1 ether and 3 others.Among these VOCs,alcohols and esters were the most abundant volatile components.The core aroma substance of cucumber,(E,Z)-2,6-nonenal,was not detected,indicating that the water-potassium ratio needs to be further optimized.The key flavor compounds were performed by PCA and OPLS-DA,and 15 differential markers were screened(VIP>1).Among them,3-methylbutanal and(E)-3-hexen-1-ol increased with the increase of water and potassium supply,which might be the main reason for the enhanced cucumber flavor.This study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the water-potassium coupling model,evaluating and improving the flavor quality of cucumbers.
作者
周振鹏
孙静瑶
霍宗旺
李青云
李宁
蔡冰冰
ZHOU Zhenpeng;SUN Jingyao;HUO Zongwang;LI Qingyun;LI Ning;CAI Bingbing(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期59-67,共9页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系设施蔬菜产业创新团队(HBCT2023100212)
河北省青年科学基金项目(C2023204123)。
关键词
水钾耦合
黄瓜
GC-IMS
挥发性有机物
water-potassium coupling ratio
cucumber
Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry(GC-IMS)
volatile organic compounds(VOCs)
