摘要
东海盆地作为东亚陆缘构造演化的关键区域,其基底属性、俯冲过程及多期构造-沉积耦合机制长期存在争议.在现有地质-地球物理资料全面分析研究基础上,结合前人的证据和认识,对东海盆地关键基础地质问题进行了系统总结和评述,并提出未来研究的思路和方向.基底归属争议聚焦于华南陆壳延伸与外来地体拼贴两种假说,地壳厚度突变与锆石同位素为后者提供新证据,但地壳演化及碰撞造山带的时空约束仍待完善;中生代俯冲过程呈现低角度俯冲-板片拆离-岩浆弧迁移等阶段性演化,早侏罗世岛弧岩浆岩的发现修正了传统平俯冲模型,但白垩纪及新生代岩浆弧位置仍缺乏海域弧岩浆岩的直接证据.这很大程度上影响了中生界盆地性质及演化的认识.新生代盆地格局北部受俯冲后撤控制,南部可能与南海扩张密切相关,但还需俯冲及南海拉张过程等关键证据的支持.中生代古地理格局模糊,新生代物源体系突变及构造-沉积响应分异显著.当前研究缺乏华南陆域-东海盆地-琉球群岛地质证据的系统对比,未来需整合深部地球物理探测、高精度年代学与数值模拟,构建“俯冲-岩浆-沉积”协同演化模型,为油气资源勘探与陆缘动力学研究提供理论支撑.
As a critical region for the tectonic evolution of the East Asian continental margin,the East China Sea basin has long been debated regarding its basement attributes,subduction processes,and multi-phase tectonic-sedimentary coupling mechanisms.Based on a comprehensive analysis of existing geological and geophysical data,combined with previous evidence and insights,in this paper it systematically summarizes and evaluates key fundamental geological issues of the East China Sea basin,proposing future research directions.The basement controversy centers on two hypotheses:the extension of the South China continental crust versus the accretion of exotic terranes.Abrupt crustal thickness variations and zircon isotopic data provide new evidence for the latter,but the spatiotemporal constraints on crustal evolution and collisional orogenic belts remain unresolved.The Mesozoic subduction process exhibits staged evolution,including low-angle subduction,slab detachment,and magmatic arc migration.The discovery of Early Jurassic island arc magmatic rocks revises the traditional flat-slab subduction model,yet direct evidence for Cretaceous and Cenozoic magmatic arc positions in offshore areas is still lacking,significantly hindering the understanding of Mesozoic basin nature and evolution.The Cenozoic basin architecture in the north is controlled by slab rollback,while the southern region may correlate closely with the South China Sea spreading,though critical evidence linking subduction and South China Sea extension processes is still needed.The Mesozoic paleogeographic framework remains ambiguous,while abrupt Cenozoic provenance shifts and differential tectonic-sedimentary responses are prominent.Current research lacks systematic comparisons of geological evidence among the South China continent,the East China Sea Basin,and the Ryukyu Islands.Future studies should integrate deep geophysical exploration,high-precision geochronology,and numerical modeling to establish a"subductionmagmatism-sedimentation"co-evolution model,providing theoretical support for hydrocarbon exploration and continental margin dynamics research.
作者
朱伟林
张迎朝
蒋一鸣
李宁
赵世杰
唐贤君
何新建
付晓伟
Zhu Weilin;Zhang Yingzhao;Jiang Yiming;Li Ning;Zhao Shijie;Tang Xianjun;He Xinjian;Fu Xiaowei(State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Branch of CNOOC(China)Ltd.,Shanghai 200335,China)
出处
《地球科学》
北大核心
2025年第12期4783-4800,共18页
Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.42430806)
第二十七届中国科协年会学术论文联合资助。
关键词
东海盆地
板块俯冲
盆地演化
区域构造
石油地质
East China Sea basin
plate subduction
basin evolution
regional tectonics
petroleum geology
