摘要
感知觉经验缺失和阅读等文化技能的习得,都会引发脑的可塑性改变。研究盲人阅读触觉盲文的神经基础为理解这一机制提供了独特视角。本文综述了近年的神经影像学证据,聚焦三个核心问题:1)早期视觉皮层是否存在阅读特异性表征;2)腹侧枕颞皮层“视觉词形区”是否保留跨通道词形加工功能;3)顶叶是否存在“触觉词形区”。结果发现,早期视觉皮层和腹侧枕颞皮层的功能仍存在争议,而顶叶在触觉词形加工中可能发挥重要作用。未来研究应进一步揭示盲人“视觉”皮层在盲文阅读中表征的具体信息,并检验“触觉词形区”的存在。同时,还需要探讨盲文阅读水平的神经基础。这将深化我们对脑可塑性机制的理解,并为盲文阅读教育提供理论依据。
Both the deprivation of sensory experience and the acquisition of cultural skills such as reading can induce plastic changes in the brain.Studying the neural basis of Braille reading in blind individuals offers a unique perspective for understanding these mechanisms.In this review,we summarize recent neuroimaging evidence with a focus on three central questions:(1)whether the early visual cortex contains reading-specific representations;(2)whether the visual word form area within the ventral occipito-temporal cortex retains cross-modal orthographic processing functions;and(3)whether the parietal cortex contains a tactile word form area.Current findings suggest that the roles of the early visual cortex and the ventral occipito-temporal cortex remain controversial,whereas the parietal cortex may play a critical role in tactile orthographic processing.Future research should further clarify the specific information represented in the“visual”cortex of blind individuals during Braille reading and test the existence of a tactile word form area.It is also important to explore the neural basis underlying individual differences in Braille reading proficiency.Together,these efforts will advance our understanding of brain plasticity and provide theoretical foundations for Braille reading education.
作者
李沛祺
张毓
田梦雨
LI Peiqi;ZHANG Yu;TIAN Mengyu(School of Arts and Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519085,China;Center for Educational Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
北大核心
2026年第2期271-282,共12页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学项目(32400891)资助。
关键词
盲文阅读
盲人
脑可塑性
视觉词形区
Braille reading
blindness
neuroplasticity
visual word form area
