摘要
集合感知是视觉系统高效地从复杂的外部世界中提取均值、方差等概要信息的过程,这对于人类适应环境具有重要意义。对其神经机制的研究有助于理解视觉系统如何实现高效的抽象表征。本文总结了集合感知的时间进程,综述了这种整合机制的理论模型和实证证据,并区分了集合编码与成员或个体编码的功能及神经基础。在现有研究成果的基础上,提出了“粗略-细节-校准”的整合模型:大脑在加工不同水平的视觉特征时,可能依次存在领域通用与特异性机制,早期依赖于通用性的大细胞通路的粗略加工,随后是特异性的、依赖于各特征脑区小细胞通路的相对精细表征,最后通过前馈-反馈循环迭代进行校准。未来研究可关注视觉集合感知的神经通路与具体脑区、前馈与反馈的角色、信息编码的通用性与特异性,以及发育与经验对集合感知的影响。
Ensemble perception,the process by which the visual system extracts summary statistical information(for example,mean and variance)from groups of similar objects at a glance,is critical to human adaptive functioning.The precise neural mechanisms underlying ensemble perception remain elusive.The present work reviews the temporal dynamics of ensemble perception,evaluates the leading theoretical models with key empirical findings,and further distinguishes the neural substrates between ensemble and single-item processing.Based on existing evidence,the review proposes a“Coarse-Fine-Refine”model,which suggests that during ensemble perception,neural processing proceeds from domain-general,coarse representations mediated by the magnocellular pathway to more detailed,domain-specific representations by parvocellular routes within feature-selective brain regions.Finally,recurrent feedback loops enable iterative calibration of the summary estimate.The review also outlines promising future research directions,including(1)locating the precise neural circuits and cortical areas of ensemble processing,(2)delineating the contributions of feedforward versus feedback signaling,(3)clarifying the domain-general and domainspecific coding in ensemble perception,(4)examining the role of experience and neural development in shaping ensemble perception.
作者
孙焕翔
张帆
李思嘉
张秀玲
蒋毅
SUN Huanxiang;ZHANG Fan;LI Sijia;ZHANG Xiuling;JIANG Yi(School of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Jinzhong College of Information,Jinzhong 030800,China;State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
北大核心
2026年第2期251-270,共20页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20241389KJ)资助。
关键词
集合感知
统计概要表征
知觉整合
时间进程
神经机制
ensemble perception
statistical summary representation
perceptual integration
temporal dynamics
neural mechanism
