摘要
经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)是一种非侵入性的电神经调控技术,它通过向头皮施加特定频率的周期性微电流,调节大脑特定脑区的神经振荡,从而改变个体的特定认知功能或改善临床症状。自2008年以来,心理学研究者们利用tACS揭示了大脑不同神经振荡频段与特定认知活动的因果性联系。我们首先介绍tACS技术调控神经振荡的作用机制,接着分别介绍tACS在改变单脑和双脑认知功能研究中的应用。未来研究需精确控制tACS施加电流与大脑自发脑电节律间的相位关系、考虑脑神经节律等方面的个体差异,实现精准的tACS神经调控,从而更好地揭示不同认知功能的神经电机制。同时需系统评估tACS在临床应用研究中的施治方案和疗效持续性,为临床治疗提供科学指导。
Transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that modulates neural oscillations in specific brain regions by applying periodic,low-amplitude electrical currents at defined frequencies to the scalp,thereby altering cognitive functions or improving clinical symptoms.Since this technique was first applied to human brain research in 2008,psychological researchers have utilized tACS to reveal causal relationships between distinct brain oscillations and specific cognitive activities.Firstly,we introduces the mechanisms by which tACS modulates neural oscillations.Secondly,we summarizes recent applications of tACS in modulating single-brain cognitive processes including perception,attention,motor control,learning and memory,emotion regulation,as well as its application in interpersonal social interactions.Future research should precisely control the phase relationship between applied tACS currents and endogenous brain oscillations,while considering individual differences in brain oscillations,to achieve accurate neural modulation with tACS and thus better elucidate the neural oscillatory mechanisms underlying various cognitive functions.Additionally,systematic evaluations of treatment protocols and the sustainability of therapeutic effects of tACS in clinical applications are needed to provide scientific guidance for clinical practice.
作者
董耀华
汤煜尧
张丹丹
DONG Yaohua;TANG Yuyao;ZHANG Dandan(Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
北大核心
2026年第2期239-250,I0001-I0003,共15页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32271102)资助。
关键词
经颅电刺激
经颅交流电刺激
脑节律
认知功能
情绪调节
临床治疗
transcranial electrical stimulation
transcranial alternating current stimulation
brain oscillations
cognitive function
emotion regulation
clinical treatment
