摘要
冷战结束以来,韩国国内围绕本国外交方向展开长达30余年的争论,这场争论与韩国“两极化”的政党政治之间存在密切联系。保守阵营高度依赖美韩同盟和美日韩合作,致力于形成对朝鲜施压的国际合力,积极谋求大国地位,高举“价值观外交”旗帜,主张走出一条带有亲美西方清晰倾向和鲜明全球主义底色的“全球国家”外交路线;进步阵营则强调战略自主,主张对朝接触与合作,清醒认知国力局限,讲求外交实利导向,提倡遵循一条充分发挥战略灵活性、在周边大国之间推行均衡外交、提升韩国在东北亚内部地位的“枢纽国家”外交路线。尽管两大阵营在外交方向上各执一词,但“全球”和“枢纽”两条路线之间存在重合与融通之处。李在明新政府谋求两条外交路线某种程度的融合,但受制于韩国内部政治极化、经济下行压力以及外部韩美、韩朝关系的不确定性,其能否成功融合“全球”和“枢纽”尚待进一步观察。
Since the end of the Cold War,the ROK has witnessed more than three decades of debate over the direction of its foreign policy,which is closely intertwined with the country’s polarized party politics.The conservatives place strong reliance on the US-ROK alliance and trilateral cooperation with the US and Japan,aiming to generate international pressure on the DPRK,pursue major-power status,and advance value-oriented diplomacy.This orientation underpins a foreign policy that calls for a“global”Korea,marked by a clear pro-US and pro-Western tilt and a distinct globalist outlook.The progressives,in contrast,emphasize strategic autonomy,advocate engagement and cooperation with the DPRK,acknowledge the limits of national power,and favor pragmatic,interest-driven diplomacy.The approach calls on the ROK to play a“pivotal”role,leveraging strategic flexibility,balancing among its neighboring great powers,and enhancing the country’s position within Northeast Asia.While the two camps articulate divergent visions,there is overlap and potential convergence between the“global”and“pivotal”approaches.The new Lee Jae-myung administration is potentially seeking some degree of synthesis between the two approaches.However,whether the Lee administration can successfully integrate the“global”and“pivotal”paradigms remains uncertain,given the constraints posed by domestic polarized politics,economic pressures,and the volatility of both US-ROK and inter-Korean relations.
出处
《国际问题研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期134-155,160,161,共24页
International Studies
基金
上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题“世界变局下东北亚地区格局演变及趋势研究”(项目编号:2025BGB006)的阶段性成果
上海市东方英才计划青年项目、上海政法学院高原学科“佘山学者”人才计划的资助。
