摘要
[目的]明确导致福建省库拉索芦荟黑斑病的病原菌及其生物学特性,为该病害的防控提供依据。[方法]采集福建省莆田市库拉索芦荟黑斑病样本,通过组织分离法进行病原菌的分离、纯化,采用科赫法则进行致病性检测。基于多基因序列对回接感病的菌株进行分子生物学鉴定;采用菌丝生长抑制率法测定杀菌剂对病原菌的毒力。[结果]从芦荟病叶中共分离出12株菌株,通过回接试验获得PT3和PT11致病菌株。综合生物学形态观察及多基因系统发育分析,PT3菌株鉴定为链格孢属(Alternaria)复合种中的一个未知种;PT11与短梗霉属(Aureobasidium)的相似性达99%以上。PT3和PT11菌株的最适pH值均为6~7;最适生长温度均为20~25℃;12 h/12 h光暗交替最适合PT3菌株生长,而PT11菌株对光照周期不敏感;两者最适碳源均为葡萄糖,最适氮源均为蛋白胨。50μg·mL^(-1)96%异菌脲粉剂对PT3菌株的抑制效果最好,有效中浓度(EC_(50))为1.120μg·mL^(-1);1.00μg·mL^(-1)98%多菌灵粉剂对PT11菌株的抑制效果最好,EC_(50)为0.152μg·mL^(-1)。[结论]从库拉索芦荟黑斑病样本中分离得到2株致病真菌,其中PT3为链格孢菌,PT11为短梗霉菌。PT3和PT11菌株的最适生长条件如下:温度20~25℃,pH值6~7,以葡萄糖为碳源,以蛋白胨为氮源;PT3和PT11菌株的最佳杀菌剂分别为96%异菌脲粉剂和98%多菌灵粉剂。
[Purpose]This study aims to identify the pathogen causing the black spot disease of Aloe barbadensis in Fujian Province and explore the biological characteristics of the pathogen,thus providing a theoretical basis for the control of this disease.[Method]The black spot disease samples of A.barbadensis were collected from Putian City,Fujian Province,China.The pathogenic strains were isolated and purified by the tissue isolation method,and the pathogenicity of the strains was tested according to Koch′s rule.The inoculated strains causing the disease again were identified based on multiple gene sequences.The toxicity of fungicides against the pathogens was determined based on the inhibition rates against mycelial growth.[Result]A total of 12 strains were isolated from the diseased leaves of A.barbadensis,and 2 pathogenic strains were ultimately screened out via the re-inoculation method and named as PT3 and PT11.On the basis of morphological observations and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis,strain PT3 was identified as an unknown species of Alternaria,and strain PT11 showed a similarity of over 99%to Aureobasidium.PT3 and PT11 optimal pH is 6-7;the optimum temperature is 20-25℃.Alternating light and dark for 12 h was the most suitable for the growth of strain PT3,while strain PT11 was not sensitive to the light cycle.The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for both strains were glucose and peptone,respectively.96%iprodione wettable powder(50μg·mL^(-1))had the best inhibitory effect on strain PT3,with a median effective concentration(EC_(50))of 1.120μg·mL^(-1).98%carbendazim wettable powder(1.00μg·mL^(-1))showed the strongest inhibitory effect on strain PT11,with an EC_(50) of 0.152μg·mL^(-1).[Conclusion]Two pathogenic fungal strains were isolated from the black spot disease samples of A.barbadensis,with PT3 belonging to Alternaria and PT11 belonging to Aureobasidium.The optimal growth conditions for both strains are 20-25℃,pH 6-7,glucose as the carbon source,and peptone as the nitrogen source.The best fungicides for PT3 and PT11 are 96%iprodione wettable powder and 98%carbendazim wettable powder,respectively.
作者
凌宇
谢雅文
王朝露
李正康
樊佶
陈晓婷
LING Yu;XIE Yawen;WANG Zhaolu;LI Zhengkang;FAN Ji;CHEN Xiaoting(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory for Pant and Microbe Interaction,Fujian Provincial Education Department,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)
出处
《亚热带农业研究》
2025年第4期280-288,共9页
Subtropical Agriculture Research
基金
福建省科特派项目(2022—2024)。
关键词
库拉索芦荟
黑斑病
病原菌鉴定
生物学特性
杀菌剂筛选
Aloe barbadensis
black spot disease
identification of pathogen
biological characteristics
fungicide screening
