摘要
从全国首例冷冻胚胎权属纠纷案切入,深入探讨早期体外胚胎的法律地位及规制路径,研究剖析“客体说”“主体说”“折中说”的理论争议;结合我国司法实践与立法现状,指出早期体外胚胎的法律定位模糊、规范供给不足、监管机制滞后;梳理英美德三国相关立法经验,提出我国早期体外胚胎的法律规制建议,即在法律地位认定上将其界定为具有伦理属性的特殊“物”、构建阶段化保护机制,在法律体系完善方面制定专项法律、细化民事规则、衔接刑事保障,在监管层面动态地规范操作流程、强化伦理审查、升级溯源技术。
Starting from the first national dispute over frozen embryos ownership in China,this paper deeply explores the legal status and regulatory path of early stage in-vitro embryos,and studies and analyzes the theoretical disputes of the"object theory","subject theory"and"compromise theory",points out that the legal positioning of early stage in-vitro embryos is ambiguous,the supply of norms is insufficient,and the regulatory mechanism lags behind by combining Chinesethe judicial practice and legislative status quo.By sorting out the relevant legislative experiences of the United Kingdom,the United States and Germany,suggestions for the legal regulation of early stage in-vitro embryos in China are put forward,namely,defining them as special"objects"with ethical attributes in the determination of their legal status,establishing a phased protection mechanism,formulating special laws,refining civil rules and connecting criminal guarantees in the improvement of the legal system,and dynamically standardizing operation procedures,strengthening ethical reviews,and upgrading traceability technologies at the regulatory level.
作者
钟颖
尚代贵
ZHONG Ying;SHANG Daigui(Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412000,China)
出处
《医学与法学》
2026年第1期30-38,共9页
Medicine and Jurisprudence
关键词
体外胚胎
法律地位
伦理物
in-vitro embryo
legal status
ethical objects
