摘要
食品安全问题是直接关系国民健康的重大民生问题,重金属污染问题成为食品安全的一个重要议题。农田重金属污染易造成植物中重金属含量超出安全阈值,并且会通过食物链扩散到人体,严重威胁人体健康。相对于重金属总量而言,重金属生物可给性的评估结果更接近人体暴露健康风险的真实情况。因此,研究植物体内重金属的生物可给性具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。论文在综述土壤重金属污染现状、生物可给性定义及几种比较常用体外模拟法的基础上,重点分析了影响植物中重金属生物可给性的关键因素,包括植物种类、外源微量元素、烹饪与食用方式以及消化环境,重点关注了硒、锌等微量元素对植物中重金属生物可给性的影响及其机理。在此基础上,文末还对未来我国在基于植物中重金属生物可给性健康风险评估领域需要重点关注的几个方面进行了展望,以期为今后植物性食品重金属污染风险防控提供理论依据和技术支持。
The problem of food safety is a major livelihood issue directly related to national health,and the problem of heavy metal contamination has become an important issue in food safety.The contamination of heavy metals in farmland can easily cause the heavy metal content in plants to exceed the safety threshold,and can spread to humans through the food chain,constituting a serious threat to human health.In comparison with the total amount of heavy metals,the assessment results of the bioaccessibility of heavy metals are closer to the real situation of the health risk of human exposure.Therefore,it is of great scientific significance and application value to study the bioavailability of heavy metals in plants.Based on the review of the current situation of soil heavy metal pollution,the definition of biological availability and several commonly used in vitro simulation,focuses on the analysis of the key factors affecting the bioaccessibility of heavy metals in plants,including plant species,exogenous trace elements,cooking and eating modes,and digestive environments,with emphasis on the effects of trace elements such as selenium and zinc on the bioaccessibility of heavy metals in plants and their mechanisms.On the basis of this,the article concludes with an outlook on the aspects that need to be focused on in the future health risk assessment based on the bioaccessibility of heavy metals in plants,with a view to providing theoretical basis and technical support for the prevention and control of heavy metal contamination risk in phyto-food in the future.
作者
黄绍汉
涂洁
HUANG Shaohan;TU Jie(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《生态科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期274-282,共9页
Ecological Science
基金
江西省自然科学基金(20232BAB204096)。
