摘要
在数字媒介迅猛发展与全球老龄化加速的双重背景下,视觉信息过载已成为常态,而老年群体因视觉功能退行,其信息处理能力仅为青年群体的60%—70%。传统视觉符号设计多依赖美学经验,缺乏对用户感知机制的科学支撑,导致应急导视、复杂界面等场景中信息传达效率低下、认知负荷过高。本研究以Gibson生态光学理论与Peirce符号三元论为基础,结合视觉认知科学视角,构建“符号设计—感知过程—传达效果”的作用机制模型,通过实验探究动态性、复杂度等关键设计特征对不同年龄群体视觉注意分配、识别效率及主观体验的影响。研究采用“定性理论构建—定量实证验证—设计输出”的方法路径,旨在建立普适性与场景特异性兼具的视觉符号设计准则。研究成果可为智慧城市建设、适老化服务、无障碍设计及公共安全应急管理提供实证驱动的设计决策支持,推动视觉传达从经验主义向科学化范式转型。
In the context of rapid digital media development and accelerating global aging,visual information overload has become a norm.Due to age-related visual degeneration,older adults possess only 60%–70%of the information processing capacity of younger individuals.Traditional visual symbol design often relies on aesthetic experience,lacking scientific support from user perception mechanisms,leading to low communication efficiency and high cognitive load in critical scenarios such as emergency wayfinding and complex interfaces.Grounded in Gibson's ecological optics theory and Peirce's triadic semiotics,this study integrates insights from visual cognitive science to construct a“design–perception–effect”mechanistic model.Through experimental investigation,it examines how key design features—such as dynamics and complexity—influence visual attention allocation,recognition efficiency,and subjective experience across different age groups.Employing a methodology that progresses from qualitative theoretical development to quantitative empirical validation and finally to design application,the research aims to establish universal yet context-sensitive guidelines for visual symbol design.The findings offer evidence-based decision support for applications in smart city infrastructure,age-friendly services,accessible design,and public safety emergency management,promoting a paradigm shift in visual communication—from empiricism toward scientific rigor.
作者
申方舟
SHEN Fangzhou(Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《文艺新声》
2025年第10期112-115,共4页
关键词
视觉符号
视觉感知
认知负荷
信息传达效能
visual symbols
visual perception
cognitive load
information communication effectiveness
