摘要
德国学科专业设置调整的协同治理格局,植根于德国独特的文化传统。德国行政文化注重规则程序,学术文化强调科学自治,工业技术文化推崇实践创新。在三种文化影响下,尤其随着当前工业技术文化不断扩张,多元治理主体达成了以适应技术变革和服务经济社会发展为导向的新共识。由此,在学科专业设置调整中,政府部门通过制度规范与柔性引导相结合的方式发挥统筹作用;学术团体秉持科学自治原则,同时构建了开放响应机制;行业组织实现从需求反馈者到创新引领者的角色跃升。这使得德国学科专业目录既保持了规则理性与学术品质,又展现出对技术变革和经济社会发展的动态适应性。德国经验对我国学科专业设置调整具有重要启示:应构建柔性化多元共治体系、建立弹性化动态调整机制、培育治理变革的文化基础,以更好应对技术革新带来的挑战。
The collaborative governance framework for discipline adjustment in Germany is rooted in its distinctive cultural traditions.German administrative culture emphasizes procedural rules,academic culture upholds scientific autonomy,and industrial-technological culture advocates practical innovation.Under the influence of these three cultures,particularly with the ongoing expansion of industrial-technological culture,multiple governance actors have reached a new consensus oriented toward adapting to technological changes and socioeconomic development.Consequently,in the process of discipline adjustment,government agencies play a coordinating role by combining institutional norms with flexible guidance;academic communities adhere to the principle of scientific autonomy while establishing open response mechanisms;and industrial organizations have transitioned from being demand responders to innovation leaders.This enables the German classification of disciplines and specialties to maintain both regulatory rationality and academic quality while demonstrating dynamic adaptability to technological and socioeconomic changes.The German experience offers important insights for China's discipline adjustment:it is essential to build a flexible multi-stakeholder governance system,establish an elastic and dynamic adjustment mechanism,and cultivate a cultural foundation for governance reform,so as to better address challenges posed by technological innovation.
作者
巫锐
赵丹阳
秦傲
WU Rui;ZHAO Danyang;QIN Ao(Graduate School of Education,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089)
出处
《大学与学科》
2025年第4期132-144,共13页
Universities and disciplines
关键词
学科专业调整
协同治理
工业技术文化
德国
discipline adjustment
collaborative governance
industrial-technological culture
Germany
