摘要
目的:研究子女代际支持对老年人养老方式选择所产生的影响,为优化家庭支持功能,完善养老服务体系提供参考。方法:本研究基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2020年的数据,纳入5870例样本,采用卡方检验进行单因素分析,在此基础上构建无序多分类Logistic回归模型分析子女代际支持对老年人养老方式选择的影响。结果:5870例样本中家庭养老、社区养老和机构养老占比分别为74.9%,19.1%和6.0%;单因素检验表明子女经济、情感和照料支持均显著影响老年人养老方式的选择(P<0.01);无序多分类Logistic回归结果表明,子女经济支持提高老年人选择机构和社区养老的可能性(OR=1.023,P>0.1;OR=1.042,P<0.01),并对社区养老选择有显著影响;情感支持使老年人更明显愿意选择社区养老(OR=1.203,P<0.01);照料支持增加老年人家庭养老倾向(OR=0.549,P<0.01)。进一步异质性检验结果表明,子女情感与照料支持对城市、低龄、女性老年人养老方式选择的影响更明显,而经济支持对农村、高龄、男性老年人作用更显著。结论:子女代际支持在养老方式选择中发挥重要作用,因此需要不断健全子女支持责任体系,完善社区与机构养老服务体系,增强家庭养老功能的持续性,制定差异化养老政策。
Objective To study the impact of intergenerational support from children on the choice of elderly care methods,and provide reference for optimizing family support functions and improving the elderly care service system.Methods Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020,5,870 samples were included.Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis,and an unordered multiclass logistic regression model was constructed to systemati-cally analyze the impact of intergenerational support of children on the choice of elderly care methods.Results Among the 5870 samples,74.9%,19.1%and 6.0%chose home care,community care,and institutional care,respectively.Single factor test showed that children's economic,emotional,and caregiving support significantly affected the choice of elderly care methods(P<0.01).The results of the unordered multiclass logistic regression showed that children's economic support increased the like-lihood of elderly people choosing institutional and community elderly care(OR=1.023,P>0.1;OR=1.042,P<0.01),and had a significant impact on the choice of community elderly care.Emotional support made elderly people more willing to choose community elderly care(OR=1.203,P<0.01).Care support increased the elderly people's tendency towards family elderly care(OR=0.549,P<0.01).The results of further heterogeneity testing indicated that children's emotional and care-giving support had a more significant impact on the choice of elderly care methods for elderly people in young age,urban areas,and female,while economic support had a more significant effect on rural areas,male,and older elderly people.Conclusion In-tergenerational support from children played an important role in the choice of elderly care methods,therefore it is necessary to continuously improve the responsibility system for child support,perfect the community and institutional elderly care service sys-tem,enhance the sustainability of family elderly care functions,and formulate differentiated elderly care policies.
作者
雒敏
张悦
Luo Min(School of Medical Administration,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2025年第12期1427-1432,共6页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
江苏省社会科学基金项目“代际支持对老年人养老模式选择的影响研究”(23SHB013)。
关键词
子女代际支持
养老方式
影响
intergenerational support from children
old-age care mode
influence
