摘要
尾矿库作为一个矿山企业的重要建筑设施,必然也包含诸多的危险,由于各种不确定因素的影响下,我国尾矿库事故发生次数多,频率高,造成危害大,一旦发生类似溃坝事故,会形成大量的泥石流,对于公众的生命财产安全和经济有着极大的威胁,亟需预防尾矿库事故灾难的发生。随着无人机技术的出现和广泛应用,可通过无人机倾斜摄影获取尾矿库三维实景影像。为了精确地识别尾矿库的危险源和进行事故应急处置模拟,以无人机倾斜摄影测量和地理信息系统为主要技术手段,将无人机倾斜摄影拍摄的尾矿库三维实景影像导入地理信息平台对危险源进行标注,探讨了结合相关应急预案假设危险源发生溃坝事故,进行应急处置的模拟演示的应急研究。结果表明能够识别尾矿库全部危险源,事故应急处置模拟演示与实际情况相符,可以有效加强我国尾矿库的应急能力建设和提高我国尾矿库的应急响应能力。
As an important construction facility of a mining enterprise,tailings pond must also contain many risks.Under the influence of various uncertain factors,tailings pond accidents in China occur frequently and cause great harm.Once a similar dam break accident occurs,a large number of debris flows will be formed,which poses a great threat to the safety and economy of public life and property.It is urgent to prevent the occurrence of tailings pond accident disasters.With the emergence and wide application of UAV technology,three-dimensional real-world images of tailings pond are obtained by UAV oblique photography.In order to accurately identify the hazard source of the tailing pond and simulate the emergency disposal of the accident,the UAV oblique photogrammetry and geographic information system are used as the main technical means to import the three-dimensional real image of the tailing pond captured by the UAV oblique photography into the geographic information platform to label the hazard source.The emergency research on the simulation demonstration of emergency disposal is discussed based on the assumption that the hazard source has a dam break accident combined with the relevant emergency plan.The results show that all hazards in tailings pond can be identified,and the simulation demonstration of accident emergency disposal is consistent with the actual situation,which can effectively strengthen the emergency capacity construction of tailings pond in China and improve the emergency response capacity of tailings pond in China.
作者
周煜
鲁明星
ZHOU Yu;LU Ming-xing(College of Disaster Prevention Science and Technology,School of Emergency Management,Sanhe O65201;Hebei Key Laboratory of Resource and Environmental Disaster Mechanism and Risk Monitoring,Sanhe O65201)
出处
《有色矿冶》
2025年第6期52-57,共6页
Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52274165)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(ZY20220213)。
关键词
危险源识别
地理信息系统
缓冲区分析
尾矿库
无人机影像
hazard identification
geographic information system
buffer analysis
tailings reservoir
UAV image
