摘要
为揭示干旱半干旱地区林业有害生物发生规律,保障区域生态安全,本研究基于2015—2024年乌兰察布市全域69.51万hm^(2)林地的监测数据,系统分析了林业有害生物的发生特征。结果表明:该地区林业有害生物10 a累计发生面积达到45.29万hm^(2),以虫害为主(74.39%),鼠害和病害较小(分别占12.91%和12.70%)。虫害中,柠条豆象(Kytorhinus immixtus)与芫菁类害虫合计占比达到57.02%,成为优势类群,反映出该地柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)纯林种植模式存在生态风险。从动态趋势看,病害与虫害的发生面积与危害程度分别在2021年、2022年达到峰值,而鼠害在持续防治下呈稳定下降态势。有害生物发生(危害)程度以轻度为主,整体发生程度趋于缓和。研究表明,人工防治和生物措施对虫鼠害控制效果显著,凸显了持续生态管理对区域林业健康的关键作用。本研究可为干旱半干旱地区林业有害生物监测及生态屏障建设提供科学依据。
To reveal the occurrence patterns of forest pests in arid and semi-arid regions and ensure regional ecological security,this study systematically analyzed the occurrence characteristics of forest pests based on monitoring data from 695100 hm^(2)of forest land in Ulanqab City from 2015 to 2024.The results showed that the cumulative occurrence area of forest pests over the 10-year period reached 452900 hm^(2),dominated by insect pests(74.39%),followed by rodent damage and diseases(accounting for 12.91%and 12.70%,respectively).Among insect pests,Kytorhinus immixtus and blister beetles collectively accounted for 57.02%,becoming the dominant groups,reflecting the ecological risks associated with the pure plantation model of Caragana korshinskii in this area.In terms of dynamic trends,the occurrence area and damage degree of diseases and insect pests peaked in 2021 and 2022,respectively,while rodent damage showed a steady decline under continuous control measures.The severity of pest occurrence(damage)was mainly mild,with an overall trend toward mitigation.The study demonstrates that artificial control and biological measures have significant effects on controlling insect and rodent pests,highlighting the critical role of continuous ecological management for regional forest health.This research can provide a scientific basis for forest pest monitoring and ecological barrier construction in arid and semi-arid regions.
作者
薄高峰
杜红霞
王改先
BO Gaofeng;DU Hongxia;WANG Gaixian(Ulanqab Municipal Forestry Protection Station,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia,012000,China;Siziwang Banner Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia,011800,China;Siziwang Banner Forest Pest and Disease Control and Quarantine Station,Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia,011800,China)
出处
《内蒙古林业调查设计》
2026年第1期49-55,共7页
Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design
关键词
乌兰察布市
干旱半干旱区
林业虫鼠害
林业病害
Ulanqab City
arid and semi-arid region
forest insect and rodent pests
forest diseases
