摘要
【目的】海洋是地球最大的“活跃”碳库,其大型海藻通过光合固碳、生理代谢释放溶解有机碳(DOC)和颗粒有机碳(POC)等途径形成碳汇。充分发挥大型海藻碳汇功能将是实现“碳中和”目标的重要实践途径之一。【进展】本文综述了大型海藻利用光合作用合成生物质碳、释放溶解有机碳和颗粒有机碳等固碳增汇途径,并归纳了以大型海藻养殖产量进行“短期碳汇”评估的方法,和以C/N比值法、稳定同位素分析技术、光谱分析技术、多组学技术和相关模型构建等进行“长期碳汇”评估的方法;同时分析了关键环境因子如温度、营养盐浓度、光照强度、盐度和干出的变化对大型海藻生长和光合固碳效率的影响。【展望】通过从不同角度阐述大型海藻碳汇功能、固碳机理、评估方法及影响碳汇产出的环境因子,有助于更全面地理解大型海藻在海洋碳汇中的重要作用,为开发固碳增汇技术提供思路和参考。
Objective The ocean,as the largest“active”carbon reservoir on the Earth,plays a critical role in global carbon cycling.Macroalgae contribute to this process through photosynthetic carbon fixation and the release of dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and particulate organic carbon(POC)via physiological metabolism.Harnessing the carbon sequestration potential of macroalgae represents a vital pathway toward achieving the“carbon neutrality”goal.Progress This review comprehensively examines the mechanisms by which macroalgae enhance carbon sequestration,including the synthesis of biomass carbon through photosynthesis and the release of DOC and POC.The review summarizes methods for assessing“short-term carbon sinks”based on macroalgae cultivation yields,as well as techniques for evaluating“long-term carbon sinks”,such as the C/N ratio,stable isotope analysis,spectral analysis,spectral analysis,multi-omics technologies,and relevant model construction,etc.Additionally,the review analyzes the impacts of key environmental factors including temperature,nutrient concentration,light intensity,salinity,and desiccation on the growth of macroalgae and their photosynthetic carbon fixation efficiency.Prospect By providing a multi-faceted perspective on the carbon sink function,carbon sequestration mechanisms,assessment methods,and environmental factors influencing macroalgae,this review aims to deepen the understanding of their critical role in marine carbon sinks and to offer foundational insights and references for developing carbon sequestration and enhancement technologies.
作者
李瑞帆
钟晨辉
郑盛华
林琪
席英玉
郭辰涛
LI Ruifan;ZHONG Chenhui;ZHENG Shenghua;LIN Qi;XI Yingyu;GUO Chentao(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Key Laboratory for Exploitation and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Marine Biological Seed Industry Technology,Xiamen 361013,China)
出处
《渔业研究》
2026年第1期119-133,共15页
Journal of Fisheries Research
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-50)
福建省科技计划项目(2023T3049)
福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-18-6)。
关键词
海洋碳汇
大型海藻
固碳机理
碳汇评估
环境因子
ocean carbon sink
macroalgae
carbon sequestration mechanism
carbon sink assessment
environmental factor
