摘要
以常州市某污水处理厂为例,基于碳排放模型核算与非二温室气体实测,分析污水处理厂的碳排放,提出低碳可持续运行策略。结果表明,依据IPCC模型核算,2018-2023年期间目标污水厂的每日碳排放强度均值为0.5181 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(3),其中电耗是最主要的碳排放来源(占比38.6%),其次是N_(2)O排放(占比34.4%)。进一步对厂内非二温室气体(CH_(4)、N_(2)O)全流程实测发现,该厂非二温室气体的实际吨水碳排放总量为58.19 g CO_(2)/m^(3)(CH_(4)、N_(2)O分别为52.37和5.82 g CO_(2)/m^(3)),显著低于依据IPCC模型的估算值(243.4 g CO_(2)/m^(3)),印证了IPCC2019推荐的污水处理过程中CH_(4)和N_(2)O排放因子尚无法完全适用于国内污水处理厂,以及非二温室气体实测对污水处理厂碳排放评估与控制的必要性;同时发现预处理单元为贡献最大的直接碳排放单元(占比73.19%),其次是好氧池(占比23.30%)。为实现目标污水处理厂的低碳可持续运行,分别从节省能耗以降低间接碳排放、控制非二温室气体直接碳排放两个方面提出建议:采用节能高效设备、光伏发电等措施减少运行能耗;在预处理单元采取除臭措施、甲烷处置技术,在好氧池采取除臭措施、N_(2)O处理技术。
Taking a wastewater treatment plant in Changzhou as an example,based on carbon emission model calculation and non-GHG measurement,the carbon emission of the wastewater treatment plant was analyzed,and a low-carbon sustainable operation strategy was proposed.The results show that according to the IPCC model calculation,the average daily carbon emission intensity of the target wastewater treatment plant during 2018-2023 is 0.5181 kg CO_(2)-eq/m^(3),among which electricity consumption is the main source of carbon emissions(accounting for 38.6%),followed by N_(2)O emissions(accounting for 34.4%).Further full-process measurements of non-CO_(2) greenhouse gases(CH_(4),N_(2)O)in the plant revealed that the actual total carbon emissions per ton of water from the plant was 58.19 g CO_(2)/m^(3)(CH_(4) and N_(2)O were 52.37 and 5.82 g CO_(2)/m^(3),respectively),which was significantly lower than the estimated value based on the IPCC model(243.4 g CO_(2)/m^(3)),This confirms that the emission factors for CH_(4) and N_(2)O during wastewater treatment recommended by IPCC 2019 are not fully applicable to domestic wastewater treatment plants,and underscores the necessity of on-site measurements of non-CO_(2) greenhouse gases for the assessment and control of carbon emissions in wastewater treatment plants.It was also found that the pretreatment unit was the direct carbon emission unit with the largest contribution(accounting for 73.19%),followed by the aerobic tank(accounting for 23.30%).To achieve the low-carbon and sustainable operation of the target wastewater treatment plant,recommendations are proposed from two aspects:saving energy to reduce indirect carbon emissions and controlling direct carbon emissions of non-GHGs:Adopt energy-saving and efficient equipment,photovoltaic power generation and other measures to reduce operating energy consumption;Take deodorization measures and methane disposal technology in the pretreatment unit,and take deodorization measures and N_(2)O treatment technology in the aerobic tank.
作者
李激
陈灿
陈思思
许光明
吕贞
董阳
仲志鸿
徐祥雨
LI Ji;CHEN Can;CHEN Sisi;XU Guangming;LYU Zhen;DONG Yang;ZHONG Zhihong;XU Xiangyu(School of Environment and Ecology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214000,China;Changzhou Drainage Administration Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213100,China)
出处
《给水排水》
北大核心
2025年第12期42-49,共8页
Water & Wastewater Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3804700)
常州市排水管理处科研项目(231883)。
关键词
污水处理厂
碳排放
非二温室气体实测
低碳可持续
Wastewater treatment plants
Carbon emission
Actnal measurement of non-CO_(2)greenhouse gases
Low carbon sustainable
