摘要
城市草坪土壤水分动态和蒸散过程研究是支撑城市草坪管理和提高城市水资源利用效率的重要科学依据。本研究基于冀西北河北建筑工程学院校园内为期4年(2020-2023年)的草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)草坪水量平衡试验,探究了草坪全年不同土层深度下土壤水分动态变化,分析了草坪全年土壤渗漏情况,并对参考作物蒸散发(ET_(0))和草坪实际蒸散(ET_(a))及ET_(a)对气象因子的敏感性进行了研究,明晰了草坪生长耗水变化特征规律。结果表明:1)草坪生育期内不同深度土壤水分含量随时间的推移均呈现先增大再减小的变化规律,总体上深层(60-100 cm)土壤水分(29.44%)>浅层(0-30 cm)土壤水分(23.52%)>中间深度(30-60 cm)土壤水分(19.40%),土壤水分较大的土层其土壤水分波动也更大。2)草坪渗漏量主要集中于降水和灌溉量较多的5月-10月,该阶段渗漏量占全年总渗漏量的65%以上。3)ET_(a)和ET_(0)均呈现正偏态分布变化规律,草坪生育期ET_(a)占年ET_(a)的90%以上,5月-8月ET_(a)占年ET_(a)的64%以上,ET_(a)在气温和太阳辐射较大且土壤水分较为充足、草坪生长最旺盛的6月或7月达到最大。4)ET_(a)对平均气温、相对湿度、太阳辐射和风速的敏感系数分别为0.78~2.13、−0.4~0.75、0.12~1.04、0.07~0.47,ET_(a)对平均气温变化最敏感。本研究可为冀西北地区水资源高效利用及城市草坪管理措施等方面提供案例借鉴及科学参考。
Research on soil moisture dynamics and evapotranspiration processes in urban turfs is important to support urban turf management and improve urban water use efficiency.To clarify the water consumption characteristics of turf and the underlying patterns of water use,this study conducted a four-year(2020-2023)water balance experiment on Poa pratensis turf on the campus of Hebei University of Architecture in northwest Hebei.This study investigated the dynamic changes in soil moisture at different soil depths of turf throughout the year,annual patterns of soil leakage,and reference crop evapotranspiration(ET_(0))and the actual evapotranspiration(ET_(a))of the turf and its sensitivity to meteorological factors.The results showed that 1)during the reproductive period of the turf,soil moisture exhibited a temporal pattern of initial increase,followed by a decrease.Moisture content varied by depth:deeper soil(60−100 cm)had 29.44%,shallow soil(0−30 cm)had 23.52%,and intermediate soil(30−60 cm)had 19.40%.Fluctuations in soil moisture increased with increasing soil moisture content.2)Turf leakage volume predominantly occurred from May to October,coinciding with periods of higher precipitation and more adequate irrigation,constituting over 65%of the annual total.3)Both ET_(a)and ET_(0)showed positively skewed distribution patterns.More than 90%of the annual ET_(a)occurred during turf fertility and more than 64%of the annual ET_(a)occurred from May to August.Turf growth peaked in June and July,supported by higher temperatures,increased solar radiation,and ample soil moisture support.4)The sensitivity coefficients of ET_(a)to average temperature,relative humidity,solar radiation,and wind speed varied from 0.78 to 2.13,−0.4 to 0.75,0.12 to 1.04,and 0.07 to 0.47,respectively,with the highest sensitivity to average temperature fluctuations.This paper provides a case study and scientific basis for optimizing water use and managing urban turf in northwestern Hebei.
作者
李睿杰
张红娟
王伟
张连政
马宏
裴宏伟
LI Ruijie;ZHANG Hongjuan;WANG Wei;ZHANG Lianzheng;MA Hong;PEI Hongwei(Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)
出处
《草业科学》
北大核心
2025年第12期2987-2997,共11页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42571052)
河北省重点研发计划项目(22377001D)
河北省教育厅科技类重点项目(ZD2022015)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(246Z3612G)。
关键词
城市草坪
土壤水分
渗漏量
蒸散过程
敏感性
urban turf
soil moisture
leakage volume
evapotranspiration processes
sensitivity
