摘要
东晋的权臣桓温具有篡夺东晋皇权的野心,他的北伐也是为了谋篡,《晋书》对此多有记载,学者也大多信从,其实这些记载都经不住推敲。他不可能公然泄露篡权的图谋;他废海西公、立简文帝是因为第三次北伐失败而树立朝威;他在“病笃”之际求九锡是因为迷恋权势,根本不可能篡权了;他三次北伐是志在收复故土。虽然刘裕是通过北伐南燕和后秦后篡夺东晋皇权的,但刘裕和桓温的出身和处境迥然不同:刘裕出身庶民,社会地位低下,遭到门阀士族的歧视;而桓温出身士族,很容易获得士族的支持,其子桓玄没有北伐而顺利称帝就是显著的例证。
Huan Wen,the powerful minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty,had ambitions to usurp the imperial power.His northern expedition was also aimed at seeking usurpation.The Book of Jin has many records to this,and most scholars believe it.However,these records cannot withstand scrutiny.He cannot openly disclose his plot to usurp power;He deposed Haixi Gong and established Jianwen Emperor because of failure of the third northern expedition,which established his court power;He sought out Jiuxi during his“illness”because he was obsessed with power and could not usurp the imperial power;His three northern expeditions were aimed at reclaiming his homeland.Although Liu Yu usurped the imperial power of Eastern Jin through the Northern Expedition against Southern Yan and the Later Qin,but Liu Yu and Huan Wen had vastly different backgrounds and situations:Liu Yu came from a commoner background,had a low social status,and was discriminated against by aristocratic families.Even after achieving great success,he still failed to gain the support of aristocratic families;Huan Wen came from a noble family and easily gained their support.His son Huan Xuan successfully proclaimed himself emperor without the Northern Expedition,which is a significant example.
作者
李荣
LI Rong(School of Literature,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China)
出处
《南阳理工学院学报》
2026年第1期57-62,共6页
Journal of Nanyang Institute of Technology
基金
国家哲学社会科学基金项目“魏晋南北朝社会阶层研究”(17BZS009)。
关键词
桓温
东晋
谋篡
北伐
目的
HUAN Wen
the Eastern Jin Dynasty
usurping the imperial power
northern expedition
motive
