摘要
黄河、淮河、海河流域(简称黄淮海流域)是我国城镇及产业密集地区,水资源供需矛盾相对突出。按照流域分布,全面分析了黄淮海流域从“十一五”到“十四五”初期城市节水状况时空分布特征以及取得的显著工作成效。黄淮海流域共有74个城市创建成为国家节水型城市,2021年城市人均综合用水量相较于2002年降幅达27%,2021年城市再生水利用量相较于2010年增加4倍。采用用水增长趋势分析法和人均综合用水定额法对黄淮海流域近远期城市需水量进行预测,设置常规节水和强化节水两种情景,结果显示在相当长的一段时间内城市用水量将持续增长,需保障新增用水需求。因此,应坚持节流、开源和循环循序并重,多措并举挖掘城市节水潜力,推动城市水资源节约集约水平不断提升,为实现黄淮海流域水资源优化配置,推动城市高质量发展提供科学依据。
The Yellow River,Huaihe River,and Haihe River basins(hereinafter reffered to as the Huang-Huai-Hai River basin)was a densely populated urban and industrial area in China,where the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is relatively prominent.According to the geographical distribution of the Huang-Huai-Hai River basin,a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of urban water and the significant achievements from the 11th Five‑Year Plan to the early period of 14th Five‑Year Plan.During this period,74 cities in the Huang-Huai-Hai River basin were designated as national water‑saving cities.By 2021,the per capita comprehensive water consumption in these cities had decreased by 27%compared to 2002,while the amount of urban reclaimed water resources had increased fourfold since 2010.Using the trend analysis method of water use growth and the per capita comprehensive water use quota method,the short‑term and long‑term urban water demand in Huang-Huai-Hai River basin was predicted.Under two scenarios—conventional water‑saving and enhanced water‑saving,the results indicate that urban water consumption will continue to rise for a considerable period,necessitating measures to meet the growing demand.Some strategies such as throttling,sourcing and recycling have been developed to explore the water‑saving potential and promote the sustainable intensification of urban water resource.These measures provide a scientific reference for optimizing allocation of water resources and supporting high‑quality urban development in Huang-Huai-Hai River basin.
作者
李昂臻
程睿
吕金燕
赵梦阳
李进松
田川
LI Ang‑zhen;CHENG Rui;LÜJin‑yan;ZHAO Meng‑yang;LI Jin‑song;TIAN Chuan(Policy Research Center,Ministry of HURD of China,Beijing 100835,China;China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《中国给水排水》
北大核心
2025年第24期1-7,共7页
China Water & Wastewater
基金
住房和城乡建设部科学技术计划项目(2021-R-059,2022-K-035)。
关键词
黄淮海流域
城市节水
城市需水预测
管网漏损
再生水利用
Huang-Huai-Hai River basin
urban water saving
urban water demand prediction
leakage of public water supply network
utilization of reclaimed water
