摘要
钛合金紧固件进行表面处理是防止其在装配或拆卸中发生“黏着”和“咬死”现象的主要方法之一,研究经过不同表面处理后钛合金样品的摩擦磨损特性,对设计高可靠性钛合金紧固件具有重要意义。以表面未处理钛合金(LT)、脉冲阳极氧化处理(PA)、脉冲阳极氧化和涂铝复合处理(PA-Al)、脉冲阳极氧化和涂MoS_(2)复合处理(PA-MoS_(2))四种表面状态的TC4钛合金为测试对象,以TC4钛合金球为对磨副,对不同表面状态TC4钛合金摩擦磨损特性展开研究。结果表明,在载荷为1和4 N的测试载荷下,LT样品的磨痕最宽且最深,摩擦因数波动幅度大,平均值约为0.53,磨损机理主要表现为犁削和黏着磨损;PA-Al样品的磨痕形貌为不连续剥落状,摩擦因数波动较小,稳定值约为0.58;PA-MoS_(2)样品磨痕为较浅的连续状,摩擦因数波动较小,稳定值约为0.25;PA样品磨痕最窄,摩擦因数约为0.16。所测试样品的磨损率从高到低顺序为PA-Al>PA-MoS_(2)>LT>PA,表明经过脉冲阳极氧化处理的TC4钛合金的减摩耐磨性最佳。
The surface treatment of titanium alloy fasteners is one of the main methods for preventing"sticking"and"biting"during assembly and disassembly.It is necessary to investigate the frictional and wear characteristics of titanium alloy samples after different surface treatments,reveal their wear mechanism,and improve the tribological properties of their surfaces.In addition,it is crucial to reduce the factor of friction,improve wear resistance,and design highly reliable titanium-alloy fasteners.In this study,a manual-spraying method was developed for applying aluminum and MoS_(2)treatments to samples after pulse-anodizing treatment(PA)to leave the surface untreated.Four surface states of TC4 titanium alloy(no treatment[LT],pulsed-anodizing treatment,pulsed-anodizing and aluminum-coating composite treatment[PA-Al],and pulsed-anodizing and molybdenum disulfide composite treatment[PA-MoS_(2)])were investigated,and a 10-mm-diameter TC4 titanium alloy ball was used as the grinding object.The frictional and wear characteristics of TC4 titanium alloys in different surface states were determined under 1 and 4 N loads using a UMT-3 friction-and wear-testing machine.The wear morphologies of the wear marks and wear spots on the surface of the ball were characterized using an ultradepth field microscope,a three-dimensional white-light interferometer,a focused-ion beam scanning electron microscope,and an accompanying energy dispersive spectrometer.The wear volume and wear rate were calculated to determine the differences in wear resistance,examine the wearing mechanism,and analyze the differences in wear resistance under different test loads.Under test loads of 1 and 4 N,the wear marks of the LT sample are the widest and deepest,the factor of friction fluctuates significantly with an average value of approximately 0.53,and the main element is Ti.In addition,Al,V,O,and C are observed,and the wear mechanisms are mainly plowing and adhesive wear.The wear morphology of the PA-Al sample shows discontinuous spalling,the factor of friction fluctuates slightly,and the stability value is approximately 0.58.More Al and O elements are observed on the surface of the sample,and alumina is formed on the surface,indicating high hardness and brittleness;thus,the sample is prone to brittleness.Spalling pits are formed on the surface,effective solid lubrication films rarely form on the surface of the sample,the run-together period is extended,and the coefficient of friction is high.The wear mechanisms of the PA-Al sample are spalling and abrasive wear.The wear marks on the PA-MoS_(2)samples are shallow and continuous,the factor of friction fluctuates slightly,the stability value is approximately 0.25,and the main elements are S and Mo,with low amounts of C,O,and Si.Relatively dense TiO_(2)coatings are generated on the surface of the PA sample,indicating high hardness,good antifriction,and high bonding strength with the substrate;therefore,the wear resistance of the material improves significantly.The wear mark of the PA sample is the narrowest,and the factor of friction is approximately 0.16.The wear rates under the low and high loads are 5.8×10^(4)and 5.7×10^(4)mm^(3)/(N•m),respectively,indicating that the sample exhibits the best wear resistance.Its main elements are Ti and O,with low amounts of Al,C,P,and Mo.The wear rates of the samples are ranked from high to low as follows:PA-Al>PA-MoS2>LT>PA.This demonstrates that the pulse-anodized-treated TC4 titanium alloy exhibits the best antifriction wear resistance,and the interlayer shearing force of MoS_(2)on the surface of the PA-MoS_(2)sample is small.This improves the lubrication characteristics;however,because it has a rough surface microstructure,the frictional resistance is the second best,and the wear resistance further decreases under a load of 4 N.This proves the significant advantages of PA in improving the antifriction wear resistance of TC4 titanium alloys and provides a strong technical support and experimental basis for the surface treatment of titanium alloy fasteners.
作者
任小勇
刘凯学
李刚
冯韶伟
王婕
任一龙
程洁
高学敏
REN Xiaoyong;LIU Kaixue;LI Gang;FENG Shaowei;WANG Jie;REN Yilong;CHENG Jie;GAO Xuemin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;Henan Aerospace Precision Machining Co.,Ltd.,Xinyang 464000,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
北大核心
2025年第6期199-208,共10页
China Surface Engineering
基金
辽宁省航发材料摩擦学重点实验室开放基金(LKLAMTF202202)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2023ZKPYJD03)
中国矿业大学(北京)大学生创新训练项目(202304032)。
关键词
脉冲阳极氧化
钛合金紧固件
耐磨性
磨损形貌
磨损机理
pulsed anodizing
titanium alloy fasteners
wear resistance
wear morphology
wear mechanism
