摘要
为了解中国不同地区牛蛙(Aquarana catesbeiana)养殖群体的遗传结构特点,利用8个多态性较好的微卫星位点,对5个牛蛙养殖群体(湖南省岳阳市湘阴县、湖南省长沙市长沙县、福建省漳州市东山县、广东省湛江市遂溪县、湖北省荆州市监利县)的遗传多样性进行分析。在160个样本中共检测到96.0000个等位基因,开发的8个微卫星位点中有5个微卫星位点具有高度多态性。5个群体的观测等位基因数(N_(a))为6.6250~9.2500个,有效等位基因数(N_(e))为3.3514~4.5254个,观测杂合度(H_(o))为0.5042~0.5625,期望杂合度(H_(e))为0.5999~0.6750,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.5649~0.6491,表明各养殖群体均具有较高多态性。5个群体间的遗传分化指数(Fst)为0~0.0492,基因流(N_(m))为4.8296~9999.0000,说明群体间的基因交流频繁。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示,种群间的变异率仅为2%,种群内变异占总变异的98%。由结果可以看出,各牛蛙养殖群体具有较高的遗传多样性,遗传分化水平较低,基因流较大,群体间的遗传距离较近,存在等位基因分布不均、杂合子缺失的情况,若继续进行近缘交配,而不进行科学的良种繁育工作,将存在较大的种质退化风险。
To reveal the genetic structure of cultured bullfrog(Aquarana catesbeiana)populations across different regions of China,we used eight highly polymorphic microsatellite loci to analyse the genetic diversity of five farmed populations from Xiangyin County(Yueyang,Hunan),Changsha County(Changsha,Hunan),Dongshan County(Zhangzhou,Fujian),Suixi County(Zhanjiang,Guangdong)and Jianli County(Jingzhou,Hubei).A total of 96.0000 alleles were detected in 160 indivi-duals,and five of the eight newly developed microsatellite loci showed high polymorphism.Across the five populations,the mean number of alleles per locus(N_(a))ranged from 6.6250 to 9.2500,effective allele numbers(N_(e))from 3.3514 to 4.5254,observed heterozygosity(H_(o))from 0.5042 to 0.5625,expected heterozygosity(H_(e))from 0.5999 to 0.6750,and polymorphism information content(PIC)from 0.5649 to 0.6491,indicating high polymorphism in all cultured groups.The genetic differentiation index(Fst)among the five populations ranged from 0 to 0.0492,and gene flow(N_(m))estimates varied between 4.8296 and 9999.0000,reflecting frequent gene exchange.Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)showed that only 2% of the total genetic variation was attributable to differences among populations,whereas 98% resided within populations.These results demonstrate that the cultured bullfrog populations retain high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation,with close genetic distances and strong gene flow.Nevertheless,uneven allele distribution and heterozygote deficiency were observed.If inbreeding continues without scientific selective breeding,a substantial risk of germplasm deterioration is expected.
作者
李兆薇
宋阳
徐永福
胡亚洲
华瑞云
王子奥
曹文韬
梁艺馨
王晓清
秦溱
LI Zhaowei;SONG Yang;XU Yongfu;HU Yazhou;HUA Ruiyun;WANG Zi’ao;CAO Wentao;LIANG Yixin;WANG Xiaoqing;QIN Qin(College of Fisheries,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Fisheries Research Institute and Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station,Changsha 410153,China;Hunan Xuehui Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410100,China;Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic,Changsha 410127,China)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2409-2417,共9页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
湖南省种业创新项目(2023)
湖南农业科技创新基金项目(2025CX52)。
关键词
牛蛙
微卫星
遗传多样性
遗传分化
Aquarana catesbeiana
microsatellite
genetic diversity
genetic differentiation
