摘要
随着生态园林养护需求的增加,修枝作业装备在效率、稳定性与环保性上面临新的挑战。为此,设计一种基于单向电机驱动的高效修枝装备。该设计通过优化传动系统并采用定制丝杠螺母结构,实现电机单向旋转即可完成剪切与复位动作,避免传统修枝机械对电机反转的依赖。采用有限元分析对剪切部件和传动系统进行静力学与动力学验证,确保其强度和刚度满足长期作业需求。结果表明,电机-丝杠在最不利静力工况下的需求推力上限约为650 N(设计基准);在所设定的动力学仿真工况下峰值推力约为380 N,满足剪切与复位需求并具备裕量;通过一系列剪切试验,评估该装备在不同树枝直径下的工作性能。该装备在效率和能耗方面均优于传统手工工具和常见电动修枝机,具有良好的连续作业能力和节能特性,能够适用于生态园林养护场景,满足生态园林作业的高效需求。
With increasing demand for ecological garden maintenance,pruning equipment faces challenges in efficiency,stability,and environmental performance.This study presents a high-efficiency pruning device driven by a unidirectional motor.By optimizing the transmission system and employing a customized lead screw-nut structure,the motor can complete both cutting and resetting with a single-direction rotation,avoiding the need for motor reversal in conventional devices.Finite element analysis verified the static and dynamic performance of the cutting components and transmission system,ensuring sufficient strength and stiffness for long-term operation.Calculations indicated an upper-bound required thrust of approximately 650 N(design baseline)for the motor-lead screw under the worst-case static condition.Under the specified dynamic simulation condition,the peak thrust was about 380 N,meeting the cutting and reset requirements with sufficient margin.Through a series of cutting experiments,the working performance of the equipment under different branch diameters was evaluated.Results demonstrated that the device outperforms traditional manual tools and standard electric pruners in efficiency and energy consumption,with strong continuous operation and energysaving characteristics.The equipment is well-suited for ecological garden maintenance,meeting the high-efficiency requirements of ecological garden operations.
作者
于少轩
马婧尧
孟兆新
栗欣
YU Shaoxuan;MA Jingyao;MENG Zhaoxin;LI Xin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;College of Informa-tion and Electrical Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China;School of Geography and Tour-ism,Harbin University,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《森林工程》
北大核心
2026年第1期184-195,共12页
Forest Engineering
基金
黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究重点委托项目(SJGZ20220135)。
关键词
生态园林
单向电机驱动
修枝装备
有限元分析
运动学解算
Ecological gardens
unidirectional motor-driven
pruning equipment
finite element analysis
kinematic calculation
