摘要
黑土地耕地质量监测能力不足导致黑土地耕地质量本底不清、变化不明,难以支撑黑土地耕地利用和保护国家战略的实施,亟需建立天空地立体监测技术体系,为黑土地耕地质量常态监测提供技术支撑。系统综述了黑土地耕地质量天空地立体监测的研究进展,提炼了黑土地耕地质量关键要素监测进展和存在问题,并对土壤和生产能力与生态可持续利用关键指标监测研究进展进行总结,展示了天空地立体监测技术体系在黑土地保护中的具体应用案例。结果表明,天空地立体监测技术体系已在北大荒农垦实现地块画像与“海绵农田”治理等示范应用,显著提升了黑土地保护与利用效率。未来研究将进一步强化“机理-数据”双驱动模型,突破多源数据融合与不确定性评估瓶颈,构建从监测预警到精准治理的闭环管理体系,为国家粮食安全和生态安全提供科技支撑。
Insufficient monitoring and early-warning capacity for black-soil farmland quality has resulted in an unclear baseline and poorly characterized spatiotemporal dynamics,which severely constrains the implementation of national strategies for the sustainable utilization and protection of this critical resource.Therefore,establishing an integrated space-air-ground stereo monitoring system is urgently required to support routine,high-resolution assessment.A systematic review of recent progress in stereo monitoring technologies for black-soil farmland quality was provided,advancements and remaining challenges regarding key indicators of soil properties,production capacity and ecological sustainability were synthesized,and representative application cases were summarized.The results showed that the integrated monitoring framework had been successfully deployed in the Beidahuang group,enabling plot-level digital profiling and the implementation of“sponge-farmland”engineering,significantly improving soil conservation and land-use efficiency.Looking forward,future research should enhance“mechanismand data”driven hybrid modeling,overcome bottlenecks in multi-source data fusion and uncertainty quantification,and establish a closed-loop management system linking monitoring,early warning and precision intervention.Such efforts would provide strong scientific and technological support for ensuring national food security and ecological security.
作者
刘焕军
孟令华
李强子
王昌昆
姜明
LIU Huanjun;MENG Linghua;LI Qiangzi;WANG Changkun;JIANG Ming(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》
北大核心
2025年第12期173-182,共10页
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500105,2024YFD1500605)。
关键词
黑土地
天空地
关键要素
立体监测
black-soil farmland
space-air-ground
key factors
integrated monitoring
