摘要
考虑到户外活动对儿童视力的保护作用,以数字照度计测量并统计了居住小区中9种户外测点及5种室内测点在不同数据采集季节(春、夏或冬)、时段(9:00至18:00)及天气(晴天或阴天)下空间光环境的光照强度变化,研究了儿童常处的居住区公共空间光照强度变化与空间要素的联系。研究发现:客观天气与时段对光照强度有直接影响,阴天或傍晚最低,晴天光照强度约为阴天的10倍,季节则由地理位置及气候不同间接影响光照强度分布;空间要素中建筑、植物、测试角度等条件均对公共空间光照强度有减弱作用;相较于室外无遮挡区域(如硬质活动广场),建筑围合的影响降幅为30812~40251 lx(p<0.001),植物为30236~37642 lx(p<0.001),随围合数量或配置密度增大而增大;侧向或背向光源相较于正对光源降幅在11962~13435 lx(p<0.001)。儿童公共空间设计时要综合动态考虑时间与空间要素。
This study investigated light intensity fluctuations in children′s frequently used public spaces and its relationship with spatial environmental factors,considering the protective effect of outdoor activities on children′s vision.We measured illuminance at 9 outdoor and 5 indoor locations in a residential community across seasons(spring/summer/winter),times of day(9:00 to 18:00),and weather conditions(sunny/cloudy).The study found that weather and time of day directly impacted light intensity(lowest on cloudy days/evenings and the light intensity of sunny days is about 10 times that of cloudy days),while seasons indirectly influenced distribution.Buildings,vegetation,and measurement angles reduced illuminance.Compared to outdoor unobstructed areas,such as hard surfaced square,building enclosures decreased illuminance by 30812~40251 lx(p<0.001),vegetation reduced illuminance by 30236~37642 lx,with greater reductions associated with higher enclosure quantity or density.Side/back-facing reduced illuminance by 11962~13435 lx(p<0.001)compared to directly facing the source.The results highlight the need to integrate spatial and temporal factors when designing vision-friendly children′s spaces.
作者
张少杰
段元梅
肖铁桥
ZHANG Shaojie;DUAN Yuanmei;XIAO Tieqiao(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Academy of Territory Spatial Planning and Ecology,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《山东理工大学学报(自然科学版)》
2026年第3期9-16,共8页
Journal of Shandong University of Technology:Natural Science Edition
基金
安徽省住房城乡建设技术计划项目(2023-YF043)
安徽省装配式建筑研究院开放式课题项目(AHZPH2021ZR02)。
关键词
公共空间
光环境
儿童视力健康
public space
light environment
children′s visual health
