摘要
煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故不仅会产生巨大冲击波,还会生成大量有毒有害气体CO,严重影响了矿井安全生产环境。为实现抑爆和气体消融的双重防护目的,以CuO−CeO_(2)复合氧化物为CO催化剂,CaO为CO_(2)吸附剂,采用固相浸渍和热分散相结合的方法制备了掺杂CaO的催化吸附型复合粉体CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO。通过升温和恒温气体反应试验探究了H_(2)O和CaO掺入量对其催化吸附性能的影响,利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、拉曼光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO的物理化学结构进行了表征,通过20 L球形爆炸测试仪和气相色谱仪分析了不同粉体的抑爆和气体消融性能。结果表明:CaO的掺杂降低了H_(2)O和CO_(2)对CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO的负面影响,促进了表面氧空位的形成和Cu−Ce之间的相互作用,进而提高了CO催化性,使其在120℃左右可完全氧化CO,且当CaO的掺入量质量分数为15%时,其CO催化性和CO_(2)吸附性最高。相比等质量Al_(2)O_(3)和CuO−CeO_(2)粉体,CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO复合粉体的抑爆和气体消融能力更强,具体表现为加入CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO后,瓦斯爆炸的最大爆炸压力、最大压力上升速率和爆燃指数均达到最低,分别为0.483 MPa、7.60 MPa/s和2.1 MPa·m/s,其CO和CO_(2)消除率达到最高,分别为89.1%和95.3%。研究证实了复合粉体CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO在利用其催化吸附性消除CO和CO_(2)的同时,通过中断链式反应、稀释窒息作用和吸附产物的吸热作用降低了瓦斯爆炸压力,为降低瓦斯爆炸危险性提供了新的思路。
Coal mine gas explosion accident will not only produce a huge shock wave,but also produce a large number of toxic and harmful gas CO,which seriously affects the mine safety production environment.In order to achieve the dual protection of explosion suppression and gas ablation,CuO−CeO_(2)composite oxide was used as CO catalyst and CaO was used as CO_(2)adsorbent.The catalytic adsorption composite powder CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO doped with CaO was prepared by the combination of solid phase impregnation and thermal dispersion.The effects of H_(2)O and CaO doping amount on the catalytic adsorption performance were investigated by heating and isothermal gas reaction experiments.The physical and chemical structures of CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO were characterized by X-ray diffractometer,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer,Raman spectrometer and scanning electron microscope.The explosion suppression and gas ablation properties of different powders were analyzed by 20 L spherical explosion tester and gas chromatograph.The results show that the doping of CaO reduces the negative effects of H_(2)O and CO_(2)on CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO,promotes the formation of surface oxygen vacancies and the interaction between Cu−Ce,and then improves the CO catalytic performance,so that it can completely oxidize CO at about 120℃.When the doping amount of CaO is 15%,its CO catalytic performance and CO_(2)adsorption are the highest.Compared with equal mass Al_(2)O_(3)and CuO−CeO_(2)powders,CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO composite powders have stronger explosion suppression and gas ablation ability.The specific performance is that after adding CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO,the maximum explosion pressure,maximum pressure rise rate and deflagration index of gas explosion reach the lowest,which are 0.483 MPa,7.60 MPa/s and 2.1 MPa·m/s,respectively,and the elimination rates of CO and CO_(2)reach the highest,which are 89.1%and 95.3%,respectively.The study confirmed that the composite powder CuO−CeO_(2)/CaO can eliminate CO and CO_(2)by its catalytic adsorption,and reduce the gas explosion pressure by interrupting the chain reaction,dilution asphyxiation and endothermic effect of adsorption products,which provides a new idea for reducing the risk of gas explosion.
作者
张雷林
任柯
虞勇
ZHANG Leilin;REN Ke;YU Yong(Anhui Province and Ministry of Coal Efficient Mining,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Anhui 232001,China;School of Safety Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期122-134,共13页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52474202,51874008)
安徽省自然科学基金杰青资助项目(2408085J032)。
关键词
瓦斯爆炸
抑爆
气体消融
复合粉体
催化吸附性
gas explosion
explosion suppression
gas ablation
composite powder
catalytic adsorption
