摘要
理解与解释是经典诠释的两大重点,古代中国的经典诠释强调“行胜于言”,形成“治世”与“修身”两大诠释主题,具有明显的实践导向。儒家以“大一统”为其治世理想,并以礼乐制度为主要手段,强调修身养德的个体主动性。佛道两家的经典诠释也有这样的主题,以成佛修仙为目的,阐释“普度众生”或“无为而治”的理念。古代中国经典诠释分为“目的论诠释”和“过程性诠释”两种类型,前者促成中国传统文化核心思想的连续性,后者展现中国传统文化的创新性和包容性。过程性诠释不仅包括章句训诂,还有义理的剖析和抉择。因受印度佛教论义传统的影响,南北朝隋唐的经典诠释出现“义”和“论”两种杂糅中印的新文体,由义之“理”,解义成“论”,以范畴更新、经典重构实现诠释主题的创造性转化。因此,传统文化的时代化创新以经典诠释为基本路径,表现为“哲学范畴”“经典体系”和“诠释主题”三重创新,促成中华文明核心经典的时代化重组。
Comprehension and explanation are the two key points of classic interpretation.The ancient Chi-nese classic interpretation also emphasized that“actions speak louder than words”,forming two major interpretive themes of“governing the world”and“self-cultivation”,which have a distinct practical orientation.Confucianism deems“great unification”as its ideal for governing the world and uses the system of rites and music as its main means,emphasizing the individual initiative in self-cultivation and moral development.The classic interpretations in Buddhism and Taoism also have such a theme,aiming at attaining Buddhahood and cultivating immortality,and expounding the concepts of“saving all beings”or“governing by non-action”.The interpretation of ancient Chinese classics can be di-vided into two types:“teleological interpretation”and“procedural interpretation”.The former pro-motes the continuity of the core ideas of traditional Chinese culture while the latter demonstrates the innovation and inclusiveness of traditional Chinese culture.Procedural interpretation not only involves the exegesis of chapters and sentences,but also the analysis and selection of meanings and principles.Influenced by the tradition of Indian Buddhist doctrines,in the interpretation of classics during the Northern and Southern Dynasties,the Sui and Tang Dynasties,two new literary forms,yi and lun,e-merged,which were a blend of Chinese and Indian elements.They interpreted the li of yi into lun,a-chieving a creative transformation of the interpretive theme through category renewal and classic recon-struction.Therefore,the contemporary innovation of traditional culture takes the classic interpretation as the basic path,which is manifested in the triple innovation of“philosophical categories”,“classic systems”and“interpretive themes”,contributing to the contemporary reorganization of core classics of Chinese civilization.Among them,not only are there the reorganization of Confucian classics,but also the classics of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,and even the classics from various schools of thought,which may be used to reconstruct the core classics of Chinese civilization in the context of the new era.These two classic interpretive types help update the classical system of Chinese tradition-al culture,open up interpretive themes that conform to the characteristics of the times,and re-estab-lish the core classics of Chinese civilization.
出处
《东南学术》
北大核心
2026年第1期21-38,245,共19页
Southeast Academic Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“汉语系佛教解经古文献编目整理和诠释研究”(项目编号:22&ZD256)。
